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Câu hỏi:

18/06/2021 240

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

Under certain circumstances, the human body must cope with gases at greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure. For example, gas pressures increase rapidly during a drive made with scuba gear because the breathing equipment allows divers to stay underwater longer and dive deeper. The pressure exerted on the human body increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters of depth in seawater, so that at 39 meters in seawater a diver is exposed to pressure of about 4 atmospheres. The pressure of the gases being breathed must equal the external pressure applied to the body, otherwise breathing is very difficult. Therefore all of the gases in the air breathed by a scuba diver at 40 meter are present at five times their usual pressure. Nitrogen, which composes 80 percent of the air we breathe, usually causes a balmy feeling of well-being at this pressure. At a depth of 5 atmospheres, nitrogen causes symptoms resembling alcohol intoxication, known as nitrogen narcosis. Nitrogen narcosis apparently results from a direct effect on the brain of the large amounts of nitrogen dissolved in the blood. Deep dives are less dangerous if helium is substituted for nitrogen, because under these pressures helium does not exert a similar narcotic effect.

As a scuba diver descends, the pressure of nitrogen on the lungs increases. Nitrogen then diffuses from the lungs to the blood, and from the blood to body tissues. Nitrogen then diffuses from the lungs to the blood, and from the blood to body tissues The reverse occurs when the diver surfaces, the nitrogen pressure in the lungs falls and the nitrogen diffuses from the tissues into the blood, and from the blood into the lungs. If the return to the surface is too rapid, nitrogen in the tissues and blood cannot diffuse out rapidly enough and nitrogen bubbles are formed. They can cause severe pains, particularly around the joints.

Another complication may result if the breath is held during ascent. During ascent from a depth of 10 meters, the volume of air in the lungs will double because the air pressure at the surface is only half of what it was at 10 meters. This change in volume may cause the lungs to distend and even rupture. This condition is called air embolism.

To avoid this event, a diver must ascend slowly, never at a rate exceeding the rise of the exhaled air bubbles, and must exhale during ascent.

 

What should a diver do when ascending?

A. Relax completely

B. Breathe helium 

C. Breathe faster 

D. Rise slowly

Đáp án chính xác

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án D

Một thợ lặn nên làm gì khi trồi lên mặt nước?

A. Relax completely: Hoàn toàn thư giãn

B. Breathe helium: Thở khí Heli

C. Breathe faster: Thở nhanh hơn

D. Rise slowly: Nổi lên một cách từ từ

Thông tin ở đoạn cuối cùng, câu cuối cùng: “To avoid this event, a diver must ascend slowly,..(Để tranh hiện tượng này, thợ lặn phải nổi lên thật chậm...)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

Dịch bài

Âm nhạc có thể mang tới cho chúng ta những giọt nước mắt hay những bước nhảy, có thể dẫn chúng ta đến những trận chiến hay cũng có thể ru chúng ta ngủ. Âm nhạc thực sự đáng chú ý trong quyền lực của nó đối với toàn thể nhân loại, và có lẽ vì lý do đó, không một nền văn hoá nào trên trái đất đã từng sống mà không có nó. Từ các khám phá được thực hiện ở Pháp và Slovenia, ngay cả người Neanderthal, cách đây 53.000 năm, cũng đã phát triển những chiếc sáo tinh vi, có âm thanh ngọt ngào được chạm khắc từ xương thú vật.Có thể sau đó, không phải ngẫu nhiên mà âm nhạc gây ấn tượng với những hợp âm với hệ hệ limbic - một phần cổ xưa của bộ não chúng ta liên quan đến việc tiến hóa trong lời nói và là một điểm chung của chúng ta và thế giới động vật. Một số nhà nghiên cứu thậm chí còn đặt ra giả thuyết rằng âm nhạc xuất hiện trong thế giới này trước cả nhân loại. Ví dụ: thực tế âm nhạc của cá voi và âm nhạc của con người có rất nhiều điểm chung mặc dù các con đường tiến hóa của chúng ta đã khác nhau từ gần 60 triệu năm cho thấy âm nhạc có thể xảy ra trước loài người. Họ khẳng định rằng thay vì là người sáng tạo ra âm nhạc, chúng ta là những người tiếp xúc trễ với nền âm nhạc.

Những nhà soạn nhạc cá voi lưng gù sử dụng nhiều mánh khóe giống các nhà soạn nhạc loài người làm. Ngoài việc sử dụng các nhịp điệu tương tự, cá voi lưng gù còn giữ những tiết nhạc trong một vài giây, tạo ra các bản dạo đầu từ một số tiết nhạc trước khi hát tiết tiếp theo. Những bài hát của cá voi nói chung không có gì hơn là những phần của bản giao hưởng, có lẽ là bởi vì chúng có một khoảng chú ý tương tự. Mặc dù chúng có thể hát trong khoảng 7 quãng tám, nhưng cá voi thường hát theo trọng âm, lan rộng các nốt liền kề xa hơn một âm giai. Có lẽ những bài hát tuyệt vời nhất của cá voi lưng gù bao gồm những điệp khúc lặp đi lặp lại mà có vần với nhau. Người ta cho rằng cá voi có thể sử dụng vần với các lý do chính xác như chúng ta làm: như các công cụ giúp chúng ghi nhớ. Các bài hát của cá voi cũng có thể khá hấp dẫn. Khi một số ít con lưng gù từ Ấn Độ Dương đi lạc vào Thái Bình Dương, một số con cá voi mà chúng gặp ở đó đã nhanh chóng thay đổi giai điệu của chúng - hát các bài hát cá voi mới chỉ trong vòng ba năm ngắn. Một số nhà khoa học thậm chí còn bị cám dỗ để suy đoán rằng thế giới âm nhạc đang chờ đợi sự khám phá

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CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

Music can bring us to tears or to our feet, drive us into battle or lull us to sleep. Music is indeed remarkable in its power over all humankind, and perhaps for that very reason, no human culture on earth has ever lived without it. From discoveries made in France and Slovenia, even Neanderthal man, as long as 53,000 years ago, had developed surprisingly sophisticated, sweet-sounding flutes carved from animal bones. It is perhaps then, no accident that music should strike such a chord with the limbic system – an ancient part of our brain, evolutionarily speaking, and one that we share with much of the animal kingdom. Some researchers even propose that music came into this world long before the human race ever did. For example, the fact that whale and human music have so much in common even though our evolutionary paths have not intersected for nearly 60 million years suggests that music may predate humans. They assert that rather than being the inventors of music, we are latecomers to the musical scene.

Humpback whale composers employ many of the same tricks that human songwriters do. In addition to using similar rhythms, humpbacks keep musical phrases to a few seconds, creating themes out of several phrases before singing the next one. Whale songs in general are no longer than symphony movements, perhaps because they have a similar attention span. Even though they can sing over a range of seven octaves, the whales typically sing in key, spreading adjacent notes no farther apart than a scale. They mix percussive and pure tones in pretty much the same ratios as human composers – and follow their ABA form, in which a theme is presented, elaborated on and then revisited in a slightly modified form. Perhaps most amazing, humpback whale songs include repeating refrains that rhyme. It has been suggested that whales might use rhymes for exactly the same reasons that we do: as devices to help them remember. Whale songs can also be rather catchy. When a few humpbacks from the Indian Ocean strayed into the Pacific, some of the whales they met there quickly changed their tunes – singing the new whales’ songs within three short years. Some scientists are even tempted to speculate that a universal music awaits discovery.

 

According to the passage, which of the following is true of humpback whales?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 3,672

Câu 2:

Martin Luther King devoted his life to the _______ of voting right for black people

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 2,755

Câu 3:

Read the passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may be recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually (26) ______ as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

(27) ______ of the common belief that leaders are people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are (29) ______ two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30) ______ emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

Điền vào ô số 28

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 2,597

Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Most of the people recovered quickly. They were injured in the crash

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,667

Câu 5:

Mark Zuckerberg’s enormous success has taken a lot of hard work and ________ . 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,304

Câu 6:

Read the passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may be recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually (26) ______ as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

(27) ______ of the common belief that leaders are people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are (29) ______ two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30) ______ emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

Điền vào ô số 27

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,087

Câu 7:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

Music can bring us to tears or to our feet, drive us into battle or lull us to sleep. Music is indeed remarkable in its power over all humankind, and perhaps for that very reason, no human culture on earth has ever lived without it. From discoveries made in France and Slovenia, even Neanderthal man, as long as 53,000 years ago, had developed surprisingly sophisticated, sweet-sounding flutes carved from animal bones. It is perhaps then, no accident that music should strike such a chord with the limbic system – an ancient part of our brain, evolutionarily speaking, and one that we share with much of the animal kingdom. Some researchers even propose that music came into this world long before the human race ever did. For example, the fact that whale and human music have so much in common even though our evolutionary paths have not intersected for nearly 60 million years suggests that music may predate humans. They assert that rather than being the inventors of music, we are latecomers to the musical scene.

Humpback whale composers employ many of the same tricks that human songwriters do. In addition to using similar rhythms, humpbacks keep musical phrases to a few seconds, creating themes out of several phrases before singing the next one. Whale songs in general are no longer than symphony movements, perhaps because they have a similar attention span. Even though they can sing over a range of seven octaves, the whales typically sing in key, spreading adjacent notes no farther apart than a scale. They mix percussive and pure tones in pretty much the same ratios as human composers – and follow their ABA form, in which a theme is presented, elaborated on and then revisited in a slightly modified form. Perhaps most amazing, humpback whale songs include repeating refrains that rhyme. It has been suggested that whales might use rhymes for exactly the same reasons that we do: as devices to help them remember. Whale songs can also be rather catchy. When a few humpbacks from the Indian Ocean strayed into the Pacific, some of the whales they met there quickly changed their tunes – singing the new whales’ songs within three short years. Some scientists are even tempted to speculate that a universal music awaits discovery.

 

The underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to ______. 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 919

Câu 8:

They hope to _____ a cure for the disease.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 865

Câu 9:

Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavorable conditions, which may result in ______ of food in developing countries

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 771

Câu 10:

Read the passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may be recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually (26) ______ as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

(27) ______ of the common belief that leaders are people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are (29) ______ two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30) ______ emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

Điền vào ô số 26

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 722

Câu 11:

After a hard-working day, I went to _______bed and had ________most beautiful dream ever

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 710

Câu 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of others in each of the following questions

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 692

Câu 13:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions that follow.

Music can bring us to tears or to our feet, drive us into battle or lull us to sleep. Music is indeed remarkable in its power over all humankind, and perhaps for that very reason, no human culture on earth has ever lived without it. From discoveries made in France and Slovenia, even Neanderthal man, as long as 53,000 years ago, had developed surprisingly sophisticated, sweet-sounding flutes carved from animal bones. It is perhaps then, no accident that music should strike such a chord with the limbic system – an ancient part of our brain, evolutionarily speaking, and one that we share with much of the animal kingdom. Some researchers even propose that music came into this world long before the human race ever did. For example, the fact that whale and human music have so much in common even though our evolutionary paths have not intersected for nearly 60 million years suggests that music may predate humans. They assert that rather than being the inventors of music, we are latecomers to the musical scene.

Humpback whale composers employ many of the same tricks that human songwriters do. In addition to using similar rhythms, humpbacks keep musical phrases to a few seconds, creating themes out of several phrases before singing the next one. Whale songs in general are no longer than symphony movements, perhaps because they have a similar attention span. Even though they can sing over a range of seven octaves, the whales typically sing in key, spreading adjacent notes no farther apart than a scale. They mix percussive and pure tones in pretty much the same ratios as human composers – and follow their ABA form, in which a theme is presented, elaborated on and then revisited in a slightly modified form. Perhaps most amazing, humpback whale songs include repeating refrains that rhyme. It has been suggested that whales might use rhymes for exactly the same reasons that we do: as devices to help them remember. Whale songs can also be rather catchy. When a few humpbacks from the Indian Ocean strayed into the Pacific, some of the whales they met there quickly changed their tunes – singing the new whales’ songs within three short years. Some scientists are even tempted to speculate that a universal music awaits discovery.

 

The underlined word “refrains” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 645

Câu 14:

Was it really necessary that I _____ there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the play? It was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 609

Câu 15:

In order to ____ others’ attention, we can use either verbal or non-verbal form of communication

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 594

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