Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Glass is a remarkable substance made from the simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent, or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms - as table ware, containers, in architecture and design – glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments.
Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C., glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow. Why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.
Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials.
The word “durable” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. lasting
B. delicate
C. heavy
D. plain
Đáp án A.
Dịch nghĩa: Từ “durable” trong đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với _________.
A. lâu dài
B. mỏng manh
C. nặng
D. nhạt nhẽo
Dịch bài
Thủy tinh là một chất đáng chú ý được làm từ các nguyên liệu thô đơn giản nhất. Nó có thể có màu hoặc không màu, đơn sắc hoặc đa sắc, trong suốt, trong mờ hoặc mờ đục. Nó nhẹ và không thấm vào chất lỏng, dễ dàng làm sạch và tái sử dụng, bền nhưng dễ vỡ và thường rất đẹp. Kính có thể được trang trí theo nhiều cách và tính chất quang học của nó là đặc biệt. Trong tất cả vô số các dạng của nó - như đồ dùng để bàn, hộp đựng, trong kiến trúc và thiết kế - thủy tinh đại diện cho một thành tựu lớn trong lịch sử phát triển công nghệ.
Kể từ thời đại đồ đồng khoảng 3.000 trước công nguyên, thủy tinh đã được sử dụng để chế tạo các loại đồ vật khác nhau. Nó lần đầu tiên được làm từ hỗn hợp silica, dòng và chất kiềm như soda hoặc kali, và đây vẫn là những thành phần cơ bản của thủy tinh cho đến khi phát triển thủy tinh chì trong thế kỷ XVII. Khi được đun nóng, hỗn hợp trở nên mềm và dễ uốn và có thể được tạo bằng các kỹ thuật khác nhau thành một loạt các hình dạng và kích cỡ. Do đó, khối đồng nhất được hình thành bằng cách nấu chảy sau đó để nguội để tạo ra thủy tinh, nhưng ngược lại với hầu hết các vật liệu được hình thành theo cách này (ví dụ kim loại), thủy tinh thiếu cấu trúc tinh thể mà thường liên kết với chất rắn, và thay vào đó giữ lại cấu trúc phân tử ngẫu nhiên của chất lỏng. Trong thực tế, khi thủy tinh nóng chảy nguội đi, nó dần dần cứng lại cho đến khi cứng, nhưng làm như vậy mà không thiết lập một mạng lưới các tinh thể lồng vào nhau mà thường được liên kết với quá trình đó. Đây là lý do tại sao kính vỡ dễ dàng khi xử lý một cú đánh. Tại sao thủy tinh xuống cấp theo thời gian, đặc biệt là khi tiếp xúc với độ ẩm và tại sao dụng cụ thủy tinh phải được hâm nóng từ từ và làm nguội đồng đều sau khi sản xuất để giải phóng các ứng suất bên trong do làm mát không đều.
Một đặc điểm khác thường của thủy tinh là cách thức thay đổi độ nhớt của nó khi nó chuyển từ chất lạnh thành chất lỏng nóng dễ uốn. Không giống như các kim loại chảy hoặc đóng băng ở nhiệt độ cụ thể, thủy tinh sẽ mềm dần khi nhiệt độ tăng, trải qua các giai đoạn khác nhau của tính dễ uốn cho đến khi nó chảy như một xi-rô dày. Mỗi giai đoạn của tính linh hoạt cho phép thuỷ tinh được chế tác thành nhiều dạng khác nhau, bằng các kỹ thuật khác nhau và nếu làm mát đột ngột, vật thể vẫn giữ được hình dạng đạt được tại thời điểm đó. Do đó, thủy tinh có thể tuân theo số lượng kỹ thuật tạo nhiệt lớn hơn hầu hết các vật liệu khác.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
We can enjoy live programmes through _________ satellites.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Why didn t you give me a call yesterday? We _______ discuss everything together.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Mary put on her scarf _________ she _________ not get cold.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The success of shared holidays depends on ______ you shared it with.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
By September next year I _________ here for ten years.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The boy insisted on ___________ a break after lunch.
Mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
“I haven’t seen Jack for three days. Is he ill?”
“ ………………His mother told me that he was in hospital.”
Mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
“Is Mary hungry?” “………………If so, she’ll tell us.”
Mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
The teacher is simply too lenient with her students and is passing people who ought to fail.
Mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of people.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
________ who you are, I still love you.
Mark the letter A, B, C or B on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
He didn’t bat an eyelid when he realized lie failed the exam again.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It can t have been Susan ________ she was out all day.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The AIDS _________ continues to spread around the world. Up to 4,000 people are
infected with the HIV virus every single day.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
The children couldn't go swimming because the sea was too rough.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “whom” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
What is the useful advice for those who work from home at night?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
According to paragraph 1, if you work on the same schedule as your co-workers, your work may be ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “accountable” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
Which best serves as the title for the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 30
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 29
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 28
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 27
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 26