Thứ năm, 14/11/2024
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Câu hỏi:

16/07/2024 2,287

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Humans generally spent more time working than do other creatures, but there is greater variability in industriousness from one human culture to the next than is seen in subgroups of any other species. For instance, the average French worker toils for 1,646 hours a year; the average American for 1,957 hours; and the average Japanese for 2,088.

One reason for human diligence is that people, unlike animals, can often override the impulses they may feel to slow down. They can drink coffee when they might prefer a nap or flick on the air-conditioning when the heat might otherwise demand torpor. Many humans are driven to work hard by a singular desire to gather resources far beyond what is required for survival. Squirrels may collect what they need to make it through one winter but only humans worry about collect bills, retirement, or replacing their old record albums with compact discs.

Among other primates, if you don't need to travel around to get food for that day, you sit down and relax, said Dr.Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlarita. "it's typically human to try to accumulate wealth and get more and more.”

Much of the acquisitiveness is likely to be the result of cultural training. Anthropologists have found that most hunter-gatherer groups, who live day to day on the resources they can kill or forage and who stash very little away for the future generally work only three to five hours daily.

Indeed, an inborn temptation to reduce may lurk beneath even the most work-obsessed people, which could explain why sloth ranks with lust and gluttony as one of the seven deadly sins.

The passage is a combination of contrast and _______ .

A. steps in a process of working for human survival

B. definitions and examples of human and animals' work

C. a series of events in human and animals' life

D. reasons for human's diligence and acquisitiveness.

Đáp án chính xác

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Đoạn văn là sự kết hợp của sự tương phản và _______.

  A. các bước trong một quá trình làm việc vì sự sống còn của con người

  B. định nghĩa và ví dụ về công việc của con người và động vật

  C. một loạt các sự kiện trong cuộc sống của con người và động vật

  D. lý do cho sự siêng năng và tiếp thu của con người.

Thông tin: One reason for human diligence is that people, unlike animals, can often override the impulses they may feel to slow down.

Much of the acquisitiveness is likely to be the result of cultural training.

Tạm dịch: Một lý do cho sự siêng năng của con người là con người, không giống như động vật, thường có thể vượt qua những rào cản mà họ cảm thấy chúng có thể làm họ chậm lại.

Phần lớn khả năng tiếp thu có thể là kết quả của đào tạo văn hóa.

Chọn D

Dịch bài đọc:

Con người thường dành nhiều thời gian làm việc hơn so với các sinh vật khác, nhưng có sự thay đổi lớn hơn về sự cần cù từ nền văn hóa của con người sang nền văn hóa tiếp theo so với các nhóm con của bất kỳ loài nào khác. Ví dụ, công nhân Pháp trung bình làm việc trong 1.646 giờ một năm; người Mỹ trung bình trong 1.957 giờ; và người Nhật trung bình làm 2.088 giờ.

Một lý do cho sự siêng năng của con người là con người, không giống như động vật, thường có thể vượt qua những rào cản mà họ cảm thấy chúng có thể làm họ chậm lại. Họ có thể uống cà phê khi họ muốn ngủ trưa hoặc bật máy điều hòa khi nhiệt độ làm tăng sự lười biếng. Nhiều người bị thúc đẩy làm việc chăm chỉ bởi một mong muốn duy nhất là thu thập tài nguyên vượt xa những gì cần thiết cho sự sống còn. Những con sóc có thể thu thập những gì chúng cần để thực hiện trong một mùa đông nhưng chỉ có con người lo lắng về việc thu thập hóa đơn, nghỉ hưu hoặc thay thế các album thu âm cũ của họ bằng đĩa compact.

Trong số các loài linh trưởng khác, nếu bạn không cần phải đi du lịch khắp nơi để kiếm thức ăn cho ngày hôm đó, bạn hãy ngồi xuống và thư giãn, Dr.Frans de Waal thuộc Đại học Emory ở Atlarita cho biết. "Con người thường cố gắng tích lũy của cải khiến chúng ngày càng nhiều hơn”.

Phần lớn khả năng tiếp thu có thể là kết quả của đào tạo văn hóa. Các nhà nhân chủng học đã phát hiện ra rằng hầu hết các nhóm săn bắn hái lượm, những người sống hàng ngày bằng nguồn tài nguyên mà họ có thể giết hoặc tìm thức ăn và những người bỏ đi rất ít trong tương lai thường chỉ làm việc ba đến năm giờ mỗi ngày.

Thật vậy, một sự cám dỗ bẩm sinh để giảm bớt có thể ẩn giấu bên dưới cả những người bị ám ảnh bởi công việc nhất, điều này có thể giải thích tại sao những người lười biếng lại ham muốn và ham ăn là một trong bảy tội lỗi chết người.

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

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