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Câu hỏi:

15/07/2024 305

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  The concept of being environmentally conscious, or “green”, has become more prevalent in twenty first-century U.S culture. It has begun to affect the manufacturing of everything from non-toxic household cleaning products to motor vehicles powered by alternative sources of energy. However, one way of being “green” that is perhaps not as apparent to the viewer but of equal importance in being environmentally conscious, is the construction of buildings that are considered “sustainable”. Sustainable buildings are those that do not impose on the environment or rely on the over-utilization of energy or natural resources. There are four main principles of sustainability, which includes consideration of the health and stability of all living things and their environmental diversity, as well as the economic opportunities of humanity.

  Sustainable architecture consists of environmentally conscious design techniques. In the past, the demolition of an old building meant that all or most of the debris of the building would end up in a landfill or a waste disposal site. Today, architects can plan and design a building that uses recycled materials, such as wood, concrete, stone, or metal. These materials are salvaged from the demolition of an older building and can be appropriately incorporated into a new construction. Architects and construction supervisors may also choose to recycle more organic parts of demolished buildings, such as wooden doors, windows and other glass, ceramics, paper, and textiles.

  A problem that has often arisen has been with how a site crew-whether it is demolition or construction crew determines and sorts what is “waste” and what is recyclable. Architects and environmental scientists have to decide whether or not a material is appropriate for use in new construction and how it will impact the environment. They must evaluate the materials from the demolition and determine what those materials contain, and if they meet the standards set by the U.S, government’s Environmental Protection Agency (the EPA). If the debris from the demolition contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment or to the consumer, such as asbestos, then the material is not salvageable. Use of the asbestos for insulation and as a form of fire retardation in buildings and fabrics was common in the nineteenth century. Asbestos was once used in shingles on the sides of buildings, as well as in the insulation in the interior walls of homes or other construction. In new “green” construction, insulation that once asbestos- based can be replaced with recycled denim or constructed with cellulose-a fibrous material found in paper products. The same-assessment applies to wood or wallboard painted with toxic lead-based paints. In addition, gas-flow regulators and meters on both water and gas heating systems constructed prior to 1961 must be carefully evaluated to determine that they do not contain dangerous substances such as mercury. Mercury can be harmful to humans and the environment if it is spilled during the removal of these devices.

In paragraph 3, the author mentions all of the following hazardous materials found in a debris from a demolition site EXCEPT

A. cellulose

Đáp án chính xác

B. mercury

C. asbestos

D. lead

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Trong đoạn 3, tác giả đã đề cập đến tất cả các vật liệu nguy hiểm sau đây được tìm thấy trong một mảnh vỡ từ một địa điểm phá hủy NGOẠI TRỪ_________.

A. xenluloza                B. thủy ngân              C. amiăng                  D. chì

Thông tin: If the debris from the demolition contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment or to the consumer, such as asbestos, then the material is not salvageable.... The same- assessment applies to wood or wallboard painted with toxic lead-based paints. In addition, gas-flow regulators and meters on both water and gas heating systems constructed prior to 1961 must be carefully evaluated to determine that they do not contain dangerous substances such as mercury.

Tạm dịch: Nếu các mảnh vụn từ việc phá hủy có chứa các vật liệu nguy hiểm có hại cho môi trường hoặc người tiêu dùng, chẳng hạn như amiăng, thì vật liệu này không thể tận dụng được. Trong xây dựng xanh mới, cách nhiệt đã từng dựa vào amiăng có thể được thay thế bằng denim tái chế hoặc được chế tạo bằng cellulose - một vật liệu sợi có trong các sản phẩm giấy. Đánh giá tương tự áp dụng cho gỗ hoặc tấm tường được sơn bằng sơn có chứa chì độc hại. Ngoài ra, các bộ điều chỉnh lưu lượng khí và đồng hồ đo trên cả hệ thống làm nóng nước và không khí được xây dựng trước năm 1961 phải được đánh giá cẩn thận để xác định rằng chúng không chứa các chất nguy hiểm như thủy ngân.

Chọn A

Dich bài đọc:

Khái niệm về ý thức bảo vệ môi trường, hay còn gọi là “sống xanh”, đã trở nên phổ biến hơn trong văn hóa Hoa Kỳ thế kỷ hai mươi mốt. Nó đã bắt đầu ảnh hưởng đến việc sản xuất mọi thứ, từ các sản phẩm tẩy rửa gia dụng không độc hại đến những chiếc xe cơ giới được cung cấp bởi các nguồn năng lượng thay thế. Tuy nhiên, một cách để sống xanh có lẽ không rõ ràng đối với người xem nhưng có tầm quan trọng tương đương trong ý thức bảo vệ môi trường, đó là việc xây dựng các tòa nhà được coi là bền vững. Các tòa nhà bền vững là những tòa nhà không đặt áp lực lên môi trường hoặc dựa vào việc sử dụng quá mức năng lượng hoặc tài nguyên thiên nhiên. Có bốn nguyên tắc bền vững chính, bao gồm xem xét sức khỏe và sự ổn định của tất cả các sinh vật sống và sự đa dạng môi trường của chúng, cũng như các cơ hội kinh tế của nhân loại.

Kiến trúc bền vững bao gồm các kỹ thuật thiết kế thân thiện với môi trường. Trong quá khứ, việc phá hủy một tòa nhà cũ có nghĩa là tất cả hoặc hầu hết các mảnh vụn của tòa nhà sẽ kết thúc tại một bãi rác hoặc nơi xử lý chất thải. Ngày nay, các kiến trúc sư có thể lập kế hoạch và thiết kế một tòa nhà sử dụng vật liệu tái chế, chẳng hạn như gỗ, bê tông, đá hoặc kim loại. Những vật liệu này được tận dụng từ việc phá hủy một tòa nhà cũ và có thể được kết hợp một cách thích hợp một công trình mới. Kiến trúc sư và giám sát thi công cũng có thể chọn tái chế nhiều phần hữu cơ của tòa nhà bị phá hủy, như cửa gỗ, cửa sổ và các loại kính khác, gốm sứ, giấy và vải vóc.

          Một vấn đề thường xảy ra là làm thế nào một đội ngũ - cho dù là đội phá hủy hay đội xây dựng xác định và phân loại những gì là rác thải và những gì có thể tái chế. Các kiến trúc sư và các nhà khoa học môi trường phải xác định liệu một vật liệu có phù hợp để sử dụng cho xây dựng mới hay không và nó sẽ tác động đến môi trường như thế nào. Họ phải đánh giá các vật liệu từ việc phá hủy và xác định những vật liệu đó chứa gì, và liệu chúng có đáp ứng các tiêu chuẩn của Cơ quan Bảo vệ Môi trường của chính phủ Hoa Kỳ (EPA). Nếu các mảnh vụn từ việc phá hủy có chứa các vật liệu nguy hiểm có hại cho môi trường hoặc người tiêu dùng, chẳng hạn như amiăng, thì vật liệu này không thể tận dụng được. Sử dụng amiăng để cách nhiệt và như một hình thức chống cháy trong các tòa nhà và vải phổ biến trong thế kỷ XIX. Amiăng đã từng được sử dụng trong ốp tường ở các mặt của tòa nhà, cũng như trong lớp cách nhiệt trong các bức tường bên trong của ngôi nhà hoặc các công trình xây dựng khác. Trong xây dựng xanh mới, cách nhiệt đã từng dựa vào amiăng có thể được thay thế bằng denim tái chế hoặc được chế tạo bằng cellulose - một vật liệu sợi có trong các sản phẩm giấy. Đánh giá tương tự áp dụng cho gỗ hoặc tấm tường được sơn bằng sơn có chứa chì độc hại. Ngoài ra, các bộ điều chỉnh lưu lượng khí và đồng hồ đo trên cả hệ thống làm nóng nước và không khí được xây dựng trước năm 1961 phải được đánh giá cẩn thận để xác định rằng chúng không chứa các chất nguy hiểm như thủy ngân. Thủy ngân có thể gây hại cho con người và môi trường nếu nó bị đổ trong quá trình loại bỏ các thiết bị này.

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

0

CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  The concept of being environmentally conscious, or “green”, has become more prevalent in twenty first-century U.S culture. It has begun to affect the manufacturing of everything from non-toxic household cleaning products to motor vehicles powered by alternative sources of energy. However, one way of being “green” that is perhaps not as apparent to the viewer but of equal importance in being environmentally conscious, is the construction of buildings that are considered “sustainable”. Sustainable buildings are those that do not impose on the environment or rely on the over-utilization of energy or natural resources. There are four main principles of sustainability, which includes consideration of the health and stability of all living things and their environmental diversity, as well as the economic opportunities of humanity.

  Sustainable architecture consists of environmentally conscious design techniques. In the past, the demolition of an old building meant that all or most of the debris of the building would end up in a landfill or a waste disposal site. Today, architects can plan and design a building that uses recycled materials, such as wood, concrete, stone, or metal. These materials are salvaged from the demolition of an older building and can be appropriately incorporated into a new construction. Architects and construction supervisors may also choose to recycle more organic parts of demolished buildings, such as wooden doors, windows and other glass, ceramics, paper, and textiles.

  A problem that has often arisen has been with how a site crew-whether it is demolition or construction crew determines and sorts what is “waste” and what is recyclable. Architects and environmental scientists have to decide whether or not a material is appropriate for use in new construction and how it will impact the environment. They must evaluate the materials from the demolition and determine what those materials contain, and if they meet the standards set by the U.S, government’s Environmental Protection Agency (the EPA). If the debris from the demolition contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment or to the consumer, such as asbestos, then the material is not salvageable. Use of the asbestos for insulation and as a form of fire retardation in buildings and fabrics was common in the nineteenth century. Asbestos was once used in shingles on the sides of buildings, as well as in the insulation in the interior walls of homes or other construction. In new “green” construction, insulation that once asbestos- based can be replaced with recycled denim or constructed with cellulose-a fibrous material found in paper products. The same-assessment applies to wood or wallboard painted with toxic lead-based paints. In addition, gas-flow regulators and meters on both water and gas heating systems constructed prior to 1961 must be carefully evaluated to determine that they do not contain dangerous substances such as mercury. Mercury can be harmful to humans and the environment if it is spilled during the removal of these devices.

According to paragraph 2, environmentally conscious design incorporates______.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 5,812

Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Tony and Bob are talking in their classroom.

Tony: “We are buying Lily a graduation present.” - Bob: “___________”

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 2,143

Câu 3:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  Accidents do not occur at random. People eighty-five years of age and older are twenty-two times likelyto die accidentally than are children five to nine years old. The risk for native Americans is four times that for Asian-Americans and twice that for white Americans or African-Americans. Males suffer accidents at more than twice the rate of females, in part because they are more prone to risky behavior. Alaskans are more than three times as likely as Rhode Islanders to die in an accident. Texans are twenty-one times more likely than New Jerseyites to die in a natural disaster. Among the one hundred most populous counties, Kern County, California (Bakersfield), has an accident fatality rate three times greater than Summit County, Ohio (Akron).

  Accidents happens more often to poor people. Those living in poverty receive inferior medical care, are more apt to reside in houses with faulty heating and electrical systems, drive older cars with fewer safety features, and are less likely to use safety belts. People in rural areas have more accidents than city or suburban dwellers because farming is much riskier than working in a factory or office and because emergency medical services are less readily available. These two factors - low income and rural residence - may explain why the south has a higher accident rate than the north.

(Source: Proficiency Reading)

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,838

Câu 4:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 37

  Urbanization programmes are being carried out in many parts of the world, especially in densely (33)____ religion with limited land and resources. It is the natural outcome of economic development and industrialization. It has brought a lot of benefits to our society. However, it also (34) _______ various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries.

  When too many people cram into a small area, urban infrastructure can’t be effective. There will be a (35) _______ of livable housing, energy and water supply. This will create overcrowded urban districts with no proper facilities. Currently, fast urbanization is taking place predominantly in developing countries where sustainable urbanization has little relevance to people's lives. Their houses are just shabby slums with poor sanitation. Their children only manage to get basic education. Hence, the struggle for (36) _______ is their first priority rather than anything else. Only when the quality of their existence is improved, can they seek (37) _______ other high values in their life.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,470

Câu 5:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

In some parts of the country, prices are__________than in others.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,463

Câu 6:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 33

  Urbanization programmes are being carried out in many parts of the world, especially in densely (33)____ religion with limited land and resources. It is the natural outcome of economic development and industrialization. It has brought a lot of benefits to our society. However, it also (34) _______ various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries.

  When too many people cram into a small area, urban infrastructure can’t be effective. There will be a (35) _______ of livable housing, energy and water supply. This will create overcrowded urban districts with no proper facilities. Currently, fast urbanization is taking place predominantly in developing countries where sustainable urbanization has little relevance to people's lives. Their houses are just shabby slums with poor sanitation. Their children only manage to get basic education. Hence, the struggle for (36) _______ is their first priority rather than anything else. Only when the quality of their existence is improved, can they seek (37) _______ other high values in their life.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,195

Câu 7:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

My college graduation was a real_______day for my whole life.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 934

Câu 8:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Mai and Joey are talking about their favorite pastimes.

Joey: “What sort of things do you like doing in your free time?” - Mai: “___________”

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 790

Câu 9:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

“You had better see a doctor if the headache does not wear off." she said to me.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 689

Câu 10:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 687

Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D onyour answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Polish artist Pawel Kuzinsky creates satirical paintings filled with thought-provoking messages about the world.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 568

Câu 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The company allows some customers to buy goods on_________and pay for them later.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 545

Câu 13:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  The concept of being environmentally conscious, or “green”, has become more prevalent in twenty first-century U.S culture. It has begun to affect the manufacturing of everything from non-toxic household cleaning products to motor vehicles powered by alternative sources of energy. However, one way of being “green” that is perhaps not as apparent to the viewer but of equal importance in being environmentally conscious, is the construction of buildings that are considered “sustainable”. Sustainable buildings are those that do not impose on the environment or rely on the over-utilization of energy or natural resources. There are four main principles of sustainability, which includes consideration of the health and stability of all living things and their environmental diversity, as well as the economic opportunities of humanity.

  Sustainable architecture consists of environmentally conscious design techniques. In the past, the demolition of an old building meant that all or most of the debris of the building would end up in a landfill or a waste disposal site. Today, architects can plan and design a building that uses recycled materials, such as wood, concrete, stone, or metal. These materials are salvaged from the demolition of an older building and can be appropriately incorporated into a new construction. Architects and construction supervisors may also choose to recycle more organic parts of demolished buildings, such as wooden doors, windows and other glass, ceramics, paper, and textiles.

  A problem that has often arisen has been with how a site crew-whether it is demolition or construction crew determines and sorts what is “waste” and what is recyclable. Architects and environmental scientists have to decide whether or not a material is appropriate for use in new construction and how it will impact the environment. They must evaluate the materials from the demolition and determine what those materials contain, and if they meet the standards set by the U.S, government’s Environmental Protection Agency (the EPA). If the debris from the demolition contains hazardous materials that are harmful to the environment or to the consumer, such as asbestos, then the material is not salvageable. Use of the asbestos for insulation and as a form of fire retardation in buildings and fabrics was common in the nineteenth century. Asbestos was once used in shingles on the sides of buildings, as well as in the insulation in the interior walls of homes or other construction. In new “green” construction, insulation that once asbestos- based can be replaced with recycled denim or constructed with cellulose-a fibrous material found in paper products. The same-assessment applies to wood or wallboard painted with toxic lead-based paints. In addition, gas-flow regulators and meters on both water and gas heating systems constructed prior to 1961 must be carefully evaluated to determine that they do not contain dangerous substances such as mercury. Mercury can be harmful to humans and the environment if it is spilled during the removal of these devices.

According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 503

Câu 14:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  Accidents do not occur at random. People eighty-five years of age and older are twenty-two times likelyto die accidentally than are children five to nine years old. The risk for native Americans is four times that for Asian-Americans and twice that for white Americans or African-Americans. Males suffer accidents at more than twice the rate of females, in part because they are more prone to risky behavior. Alaskans are more than three times as likely as Rhode Islanders to die in an accident. Texans are twenty-one times more likely than New Jerseyites to die in a natural disaster. Among the one hundred most populous counties, Kern County, California (Bakersfield), has an accident fatality rate three times greater than Summit County, Ohio (Akron).

  Accidents happens more often to poor people. Those living in poverty receive inferior medical care, are more apt to reside in houses with faulty heating and electrical systems, drive older cars with fewer safety features, and are less likely to use safety belts. People in rural areas have more accidents than city or suburban dwellers because farming is much riskier than working in a factory or office and because emergency medical services are less readily available. These two factors - low income and rural residence - may explain why the south has a higher accident rate than the north.

(Source: Proficiency Reading)

What does the word “that” in the passage refer to?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 468

Câu 15:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  Accidents do not occur at random. People eighty-five years of age and older are twenty-two times likelyto die accidentally than are children five to nine years old. The risk for native Americans is four times that for Asian-Americans and twice that for white Americans or African-Americans. Males suffer accidents at more than twice the rate of females, in part because they are more prone to risky behavior. Alaskans are more than three times as likely as Rhode Islanders to die in an accident. Texans are twenty-one times more likely than New Jerseyites to die in a natural disaster. Among the one hundred most populous counties, Kern County, California (Bakersfield), has an accident fatality rate three times greater than Summit County, Ohio (Akron).

  Accidents happens more often to poor people. Those living in poverty receive inferior medical care, are more apt to reside in houses with faulty heating and electrical systems, drive older cars with fewer safety features, and are less likely to use safety belts. People in rural areas have more accidents than city or suburban dwellers because farming is much riskier than working in a factory or office and because emergency medical services are less readily available. These two factors - low income and rural residence - may explain why the south has a higher accident rate than the north.

(Source: Proficiency Reading)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for a higher accident rate among the poor?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 434

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