Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64.
The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existences of other organisms. This interdependence is sometimes subtle, sometimes obvious. Perhaps the most straight forward dependence of one species on another occurs with parasites, organisms that live on or in other living things and derive nutrients directly from them. The parasitic way of life is widespread. A multitude of microorganisms (including viruses and bacteria) and an army of invertebrates - or creatures lacking a spinal column (including crustaceans, insects, and many different types of worms) - make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures. In the face of this onslaught, living things have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms for protecting their bodies from invasion by other organisms.
Certain fungi and even some kinds of bacteria secrete substances known as antibiotics into their external environment. These substances are capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of various kinds of bacteria that also occupy the area, thereby eliminating or reducing the competition for nutrients. The same principle is used in defense against invaders in other groups of organisms. For example, when attacked by disease - causing fungi or bacteria, many kinds of plants produce chemicals that help to ward off the invaders. Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites.
Although these mechanisms vary considerably, all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of "foreign" cells. In fact, throughout the animal kingdom, from sponges to certain types of worms, shellfish, and all vertebrates (creatures possessing a spinal column), there is evidence that transplants of cells or fragments of tissues into an animal are accepted only if they come from genetically compatible or closely related individuals. The ability to distinguish between "self" and "nonself", while present in all animals, is most efficient among vertebrates, which have developed an immune system as their defense mechanism. The immune system recognizes and takes action against foreign invaders and transplanted tissues that are treated as foreign cells.
According to the passage, the ability to distinguish between "self" and "nonself" enables vertebrates to ________.
A. detect and react to invasion
B. get rid of antibiotics
C. accept transplanted cells
D. weaken their immune system
Đáp án là A
Câu 2 đoạn 3 “all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of "foreign" cells” phần lớp các nhóm động vật có khả năng phát hiện vaf phản ứng lại sự xuất hiện của tế bào ngoại lai.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
It is hard to get him _____; he is such an aggressive man
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions
The crew divided the life preservers among the twenty terrified passengers as the ship began to sink.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
You need more exercise – you should _____ jogging.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
It gets _____ to understand what the professor has explained.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Peter _____ for thirty minutes before Mary arrived.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64.
The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existences of other organisms. This interdependence is sometimes subtle, sometimes obvious. Perhaps the most straight forward dependence of one species on another occurs with parasites, organisms that live on or in other living things and derive nutrients directly from them. The parasitic way of life is widespread. A multitude of microorganisms (including viruses and bacteria) and an army of invertebrates - or creatures lacking a spinal column (including crustaceans, insects, and many different types of worms) - make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures. In the face of this onslaught, living things have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms for protecting their bodies from invasion by other organisms.
Certain fungi and even some kinds of bacteria secrete substances known as antibiotics into their external environment. These substances are capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of various kinds of bacteria that also occupy the area, thereby eliminating or reducing the competition for nutrients. The same principle is used in defense against invaders in other groups of organisms. For example, when attacked by disease - causing fungi or bacteria, many kinds of plants produce chemicals that help to ward off the invaders. Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites.
Although these mechanisms vary considerably, all major groups of animals are capable of detecting and reacting to the presence of "foreign" cells. In fact, throughout the animal kingdom, from sponges to certain types of worms, shellfish, and all vertebrates (creatures possessing a spinal column), there is evidence that transplants of cells or fragments of tissues into an animal are accepted only if they come from genetically compatible or closely related individuals. The ability to distinguish between "self" and "nonself", while present in all animals, is most efficient among vertebrates, which have developed an immune system as their defense mechanism. The immune system recognizes and takes action against foreign invaders and transplanted tissues that are treated as foreign cells.
According to the passage, some organisms produce antibiotics in order to ________.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
She was unhappy that she lost contact with a lot of her old friends when she went abroad to study.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
At first sight I met her, I was impressed with her _____.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
–“Would you mind lending me your bike?” – “_____.”
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Larry drove all night to get here for his sister’s wedding. He _____ exhausted by the time he arrived.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The last person _____ the room must turn off the lights.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
_____ he is old, he wants to travel around the world.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction.
Ceramic can be harder, light, and more resistant to heat than metals.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction.
George hasn’t completed the assignment yet, and Mary hasn’t too.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions
Books are primary means for dissemination of knowledge and information.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “whom” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
What is the useful advice for those who work from home at night?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
According to paragraph 1, if you work on the same schedule as your co-workers, your work may be ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “accountable” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
Which best serves as the title for the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 30
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 29
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 28
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 27
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 26