Thứ sáu, 22/11/2024
IMG-LOGO

Câu hỏi:

02/07/2024 368

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 13 to 50.

          Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields. The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth. Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object.
          Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance. If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old.
          Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years. When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the molecule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age. In the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has

It can be inferred from the passage that if an item contains more carbon-14 than nitrogen-14, then the item is______.

A. not as much as 5,570 years old

Đáp án chính xác

B. too old to be age-dated with carbon-14

C. too radioactive to be used by archeologists 

D. more than 5.570 years old

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án A

Có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn rằng nếu một vật có chứa nhiều các-bon 14 hơn ni-tơ 14, thì vật đó ______.

A. không đến 5.570 năm tuổi

B. quá lâu đời để có thể xác định được niên đại với carbon-14.

C. chứa quá nhiều phóng xạ để được sử dụng bởi các nhà khảo cổ.

D. trên 5.570 năm tuổi.

Dựa vào đoạn 2: “Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance. If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old.”- (Carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy là 5,570 năm, có nghĩa là sau từng ấy năm, một nửa các nguyên tử carbon-14 đã bị phân hủy thành nitơ-14. Chính tỷ lệ carbon-14 có trong chất đó cho thấy độ tuổi của nó. Thí dụ như, nếu trong một mẫu vật cụ thể lượng cacbon-14 tương đương với lượng nitơ-14, điều đó chỉ ra rằng khoảng một nửa lượng carbon-14 đã phân hủy thành nitơ-14, và mẫu vật đó có niên đại khoảng 5,570 tuổi.). =>Nếu nếu một vật có chứa nhiều các-bon 14 hơn ni-tơ 14, thì chứng tỏ nó chưa hoàn tất chu kì bán hủy của mình kéo dài trong 5.570 năm => vật đó chưa tới 5.570 tuổi.

Dịch bài

 Phương pháp xác định niên đại bằng carbon có thể được sử dụng để ước lượng tuổi của bất kì chất hữu cơ tự nhiên nào, nó được sử dụng thành công trong lĩnh vực khảo cổ học để xác định tuổi của các cổ vật, hóa thạch cổ cũng như là trong nhiều lĩnh vực khác. Nguyên tắc làm cơ sở tiền đề cho việc sử dụng phương pháp xác định niên đại bằng carbon đó là carbon là một phần của tất cả các sinh vật sống trên trái đất. Bởi vì một chất phóng xạ thí dụ như carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy như đã biết, lượng carbon-14 còn lại trên một vật có thể được sử dụng để xác định tuổi của vật đó.

Carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy là 5,570 năm, có nghĩa là sau từng ấy năm, một nửa các nguyên tử carbon-14 đã bị phân hủy thành nitơ-14. Chính tỷ lệ carbon-14 có trong chất đó cho thấy độ tuổi của nó. Thí dụ như, nếu trong một mẫu vật cụ thể lượng cacbon-14 tương đương với lượng nitơ-14, điều đó chỉ ra rằng khoảng một nửa lượng carbon-14 đã phân hủy thành nitơ-14, và mẫu vật đó có niên đại khoảng 5,570 tuổi.

Phương pháp xác định niên đại bằng carbon không thể được sử dụng có hiệu quả đối với cổ vật trên 80,000 tuổi. Đối với những cổ vật có tuổi đời như vậy, phần lớn carbon-14 đã hoàn toàn phân hủy thành nitơ-14, và lượng phân tử còn lại không đáng tin cậy để đo lường được độ tuổi. Trong trường hợp đối với những cổ vật có niên đại lâu hơn, những phương pháp xác định niên đại khác mới có khả dụng, những phương pháp sử dụng các nguyên tử phóng xạ có thời gian bán hủy lâu hơn carbon.

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

0

CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

He may be quick ______ understanding but he isn't capable ______ remembering anything

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,625

Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

 “Why don’t you ask your parents for advice?” said Tom

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,603

Câu 3:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

I regret going to the cinema. I wish I ______. 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,514

Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

I am glad that we see eye to eye on the matter of the conference location.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,235

Câu 5:

Like most marine mammals and land mammals, whales are ______ creatures

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,224

Câu 6:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 

Although she was very old, she looked very grateful

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,051

Câu 7:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

Farmers depend on meteorologists. They need meteorologists’ accurate forecasts for successful agricultural planning

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 832

Câu 8:

The ______ were told to fasten their seat belts as the plane began its descent.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 797

Câu 9:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Productivity Hacks for Great Success

 No matter who we are or where we are from, we only have 24 hours each day to get things done. Some people seem to make the most of their time, using it to achieve their goals and dreams. Others feel that life is passing them by and they aren’t accomplishing anything. If you are in the latter group, it is not too late to turn things around. By implementing a few simple hacks, you can start getting better results very quickly.

 If you want to become more productive, it pays to learn about the Pareto principle (which is also known as the 80-20 rule). It states that for most tasks, 80 percent of the results we get come from 20 percent of the work we do. For example. 80 percent of the company sales usually come from 20 percent of customers. Therefore, the trick is to focus your efforts on the key 20 percent of actions that truly matter to greatly improve your results.

 In some cases, people may be busy from morning to night but still seem to get nothing done. In this situation, the problem might be that clear goals haven’t been set. To fix this, set some time aside to list the things you want to achieve in life. Then, select the top three or four that you want to focus on for the next year. Look at your goals every night before bedtime and ask yourself what are the next actions to accomplish each day. Then, promise yourself that you will finish these tasks no matter how busy you get. If possible try completing the tasks first thing in the morning so you are assured of success.

 

 Another common mistake regarding productivity is not considering our energy levels. If we try to work around the clock, we will eventually get tired and quit. Everyone needs time to sleep, eat, socialize with friends, and unwind from the stress of the day. To make sure you don’t burn out, be sure to schedule some time for breaks and fun activities into your schedule every day. Finally, no matter how difficult your goals may seem, remember the old saying that “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”

The word “this” in paragraph 3 refers to______. 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 738

Câu 10:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Drying food by means of solar energy is an ancient process applying wherever climatic conditions make it possible

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 707

Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

More and 90 percent of the calcium in the human body is in the skeleton.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 539

Câu 12:

______ parents of Thomas claimed that he was at ______ the time of ______ robbery

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 383

Câu 13:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

Apart from being conveniently located near the beach, that hotel has nothing about it to make me recommend it to you

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 356

Câu 14:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Productivity Hacks for Great Success

 No matter who we are or where we are from, we only have 24 hours each day to get things done. Some people seem to make the most of their time, using it to achieve their goals and dreams. Others feel that life is passing them by and they aren’t accomplishing anything. If you are in the latter group, it is not too late to turn things around. By implementing a few simple hacks, you can start getting better results very quickly.

 If you want to become more productive, it pays to learn about the Pareto principle (which is also known as the 80-20 rule). It states that for most tasks, 80 percent of the results we get come from 20 percent of the work we do. For example. 80 percent of the company sales usually come from 20 percent of customers. Therefore, the trick is to focus your efforts on the key 20 percent of actions that truly matter to greatly improve your results.

 In some cases, people may be busy from morning to night but still seem to get nothing done. In this situation, the problem might be that clear goals haven’t been set. To fix this, set some time aside to list the things you want to achieve in life. Then, select the top three or four that you want to focus on for the next year. Look at your goals every night before bedtime and ask yourself what are the next actions to accomplish each day. Then, promise yourself that you will finish these tasks no matter how busy you get. If possible try completing the tasks first thing in the morning so you are assured of success.

 

 Another common mistake regarding productivity is not considering our energy levels. If we try to work around the clock, we will eventually get tired and quit. Everyone needs time to sleep, eat, socialize with friends, and unwind from the stress of the day. To make sure you don’t burn out, be sure to schedule some time for breaks and fun activities into your schedule every day. Finally, no matter how difficult your goals may seem, remember the old saying that “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”

In order to achieve our goals, we should______. 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 336

Câu 15:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Productivity Hacks for Great Success

 No matter who we are or where we are from, we only have 24 hours each day to get things done. Some people seem to make the most of their time, using it to achieve their goals and dreams. Others feel that life is passing them by and they aren’t accomplishing anything. If you are in the latter group, it is not too late to turn things around. By implementing a few simple hacks, you can start getting better results very quickly.

 If you want to become more productive, it pays to learn about the Pareto principle (which is also known as the 80-20 rule). It states that for most tasks, 80 percent of the results we get come from 20 percent of the work we do. For example. 80 percent of the company sales usually come from 20 percent of customers. Therefore, the trick is to focus your efforts on the key 20 percent of actions that truly matter to greatly improve your results.

 In some cases, people may be busy from morning to night but still seem to get nothing done. In this situation, the problem might be that clear goals haven’t been set. To fix this, set some time aside to list the things you want to achieve in life. Then, select the top three or four that you want to focus on for the next year. Look at your goals every night before bedtime and ask yourself what are the next actions to accomplish each day. Then, promise yourself that you will finish these tasks no matter how busy you get. If possible try completing the tasks first thing in the morning so you are assured of success.

 

 Another common mistake regarding productivity is not considering our energy levels. If we try to work around the clock, we will eventually get tired and quit. Everyone needs time to sleep, eat, socialize with friends, and unwind from the stress of the day. To make sure you don’t burn out, be sure to schedule some time for breaks and fun activities into your schedule every day. Finally, no matter how difficult your goals may seem, remember the old saying that “a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step”

What is the Pareto principle?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 312

Câu hỏi mới nhất

Xem thêm »
Xem thêm »