Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions. This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them. Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others. But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does in Madagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions.
According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understand substantially the same "facial language". Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share a set of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species. Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flung places as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles of New Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle. Ekman and his colleagues claim that people everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, and surprise. There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of emotional displays - the so called display rules. In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught to control emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged to express their feelings more openly. Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, to some degree , in people's behavior. From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions that communicate their feelings.
The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too. Very young children pay close attention to facial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's faces. This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic set of human emotions. Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotional expressions seem to appear across species boundaries. Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain emotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures. For example, what emotion do you suppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while in China it can signify surprise. Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japanese face it may just as easily mean embarrassment. Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions.
According to the passage, we respond to others by______.
A. observing their emotional expressions
B. looking at their faces.
C. watching their actions
D. observing their looks
Đáp án A
Theo như đoạn văn, chúng ta trả lời lại người khác bằng cách______.
A. quan sát biểu hiện cảm xúc của họ.
B. nhìn vào mặt họ.
C. theo dõi các hành động của họ.
D. quan sát ngoại hình của họ.
Dẫn chứng ở 2 câu đầu tiên của bài: “You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions. This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them” – (Bạn có thể biết được khi nào bạn của mình hạnh phúc hay tức giận bằng cách nhìn vào mặt hoặc hành động của họ. Cách này rất hữu hiệu bởi việc đọc được những cảm xúc của họ sẽ giúp bạn biết phải trả lời như thế nào với họ).
Dịch bài
Bạn có thể biết được khi nào bạn của mình hạnh phúc hay tức giận bằng cách nhìn vào mặt hoặc hành động của họ. Cách này rất hữu hiệu bởi việc đọc được những cảm xúc của họ sẽ giúp bạn biết phải trả lời như thế nào với họ. Những cảm xúc phát triển để giúp chúng ta phản ứng lại những tình huống quan trọng và truyền đạt ý đồ tới những người khác. Nhưng phải chăng việc nhướn lông mày và làm tròn miệng ở Minneapolis và Madagascar cùng nói lên một ý nghĩa? Nhiều nghiên cứu về biểu hiện cảm xúc đã tập trung và đặt nghi vấn vào câu hỏi này.
Theo như Paul Ekman, chuyên gia nghiên cứu trong lĩnh vực này cho hay, con người nói và hiểu về căn bản được coi như là “bộ mặt của ngôn ngữ”. Những nghiên cứu được thực hiện bởi nhóm của Ekman đã chứng minh rằng: con người có chung những biểu hiện cảm xúc phổ biến giống nhau, điều này chứng tỏ cho sự kế thừa về mặt sinh học của loài người. Thí dụ như, cười là dấu hiệu của sự hạnh phục và cái cau mày ám chỉ sự buồn phiền trên khuôn mặc của những người ở nơi xa như Argentina, Nhật Bản, Tây Ban Nha, Hungary, Ba Lan, Sumatra, Hoa Kỳ, Việt Nam, rừng già của New Guinea, và các làng Eskimo ở phía bắc Artic Circle. Ekman và những người cộng sự cho rằng mọi người ở khắp nơi có thể nhận ra được ít nhất bảy sắc thái cảm xúc cơ bản: buồn, sợ hãi, tức giận, ghê tởm, khinh miệt, hạnh phúc và bất ngờ. Mặc dù vậy, vẫn có những khác biệt đáng kể giữa các nền văn hóa trong cả hoàn cảnh lẫn mức độ biển hiện- hay còn gọi là quy tắc biểu hiện. Thí dụ như, ở nhiều nền văn hóa Á Đông, trẻ em được dạy cách kiểm soát những phản ứng cảm xúc, đặc biệt là những cảm xúc tiêu cực. Trong khi đó, nhiều trẻ Mĩ được khuyến khích bày tỏ cảm xúc một cách cởi mở. Tuy nhiên, nếu không kể tới yếu tố văn hóa, thì cảm xúc vẫn luôn thể hiện ra chính nó, ở một mức độ nào đó, trong hành vi của con người. Từ những ngày đầu tiên của cuộc đời, những đứa trẻ sơ sinh đã biết tạo ra những biểu cảm trên khuôn mặt để thể hiện cảm xúc của chúng.
Khả năng đọc được biểu cảm trên khuôn mặt cũng vậy, nó phát triển từ rất sớm. Những đứa trẻ nhỏ rất chú ý tới những biểu hiện trên khuôn mặt, và khi lên 5, chúng đã gần như đã có được những kĩ năng về đọc cảm xúc trên khuôn mặt tương tự như những người trưởng thành. Tất cả những bằng chứng này đều chỉ ra một cơ sở sinh học cho những khả năng của chúng ta về bày tỏ và giải thích một tập hợp cảm xúc cơ bản của con người. Hơn nữa, như Charles Darwin đã nêu ra hơn 1 thế kỉ trước, một số biểu hiện cảm xúc dường như xuất hiện trên ranh giới giữa các loài. Các nhà tâm lí học xuyên văn hóa nói với chúng ta rằng: những phản ứng cảm xúc nhất định mang những ý nghĩa khác nhau tùy thuộc vào từng nền văn hóa khác nhau. Ví dụ, cảm xúc nào của bạn được cho rằng có thể được truyền tải bằng cách lè lưỡi?. Đối với người Mĩ, hành động đó ám chỉ sự kinh tởm, trong khi ở Chi-lê, hành động đó là biển hiện cho sự ngạc nhiên. Tương tự như vậy, điệu cười toe toét trên khuôn mặt người Mĩ lầ dấu hiệu cho niềm hân hoan, vui sướng; trong khi đó ở Nhật, nó chỉ đơn giản là biểu hiện của sự lúng túng. Rõ ràng là, văn hóa có ảnh hưởng tới biểu hiện cảm xúc.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
The U23 Vietnamese football team’s performance has garnered ______ from around the world and shown promise for Vietnam’s soccer horizon.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Many of the pictures ______ from outer space are presently on display in the public library
Everybody is tired of watching the same commercials on TV every night, ______?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Fifty minutes are the maximum length of time allotted for the exam.
Mary’s lawyer advised her ______ anything further about the accident.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future, many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health. On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often
According to the passage, what makes mobile phones potentially harmful is ______.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
The ocean probably distinguishes the earth from other planets of the solar system, for scientists believe that large bodies of water are not existing on the other planets
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Ships crossing the oceans can receive signals from satellites that enable them to calculate their position accurately
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
For its establishment, ASEAN Tourism Association has played an important role in promoting and developing ASEAN Tourism services
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
I thought she was the right person for the position, yet it turned out that she was quite useless.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
The government decided to pull down the old building after asking for the ideas from the local residents
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “whom” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
What is the useful advice for those who work from home at night?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
According to paragraph 1, if you work on the same schedule as your co-workers, your work may be ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “accountable” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
Which best serves as the title for the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 30
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 29
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 28
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 27
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 26