Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominants - most distinctive feature - the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes get in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize landmasses occupy only one-third of the Earth’s surface. Given that two thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests doesn't seem surprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably by sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some presentation there.
To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacteria cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more.
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage?
A. Ocean life is highly adaptive
B. Ocean life is primarily composed of plants
C. More attention needs to be paid to preserving ocean species and habitats
D. The sea is highly resistant to the damage done by pollutants
C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Kết luận nào sau đây được hỗ trợ bởi đoạn văn?
A. Đời sống đại dương rất dễ thích ứng.
B. Đời sống đại dương chủ yếu bao gồm thực vật.
C. Cần chú ý nhiều hơn để bảo tồn các loài sinh vật biển và môi trường sống.
D. Biển có khả năng chống chịu thiệt hại cao do các chất ô nhiễm gây ra.
Đoạn văn đề cập sự đa dạng cách loài ở biển, được so sánh với các loài ở rừng => nhằm mục đích khuyến khích mọi người nên bao tồn các loài ở đại dương và môi trường sống của chúng.
Dịch bài đọc:
Trùng hợp với những lo ngại về sự mất mát nhanh chóng của các loài và môi trường sống là sự đánh giá ngày càng tăng về tầm quan trọng của đa dạng sinh học, số lượng loài trong một hệ sinh thái cụ thể, với sức khỏe của trái đất và con người. Phần lớn đã được viết về sự đa dạng của các sinh vật trên cạn, đặc biệt là các sinh cảnh rừng mưa nhiệt đới đặc biệt phong phú. Tuy nhiên, tương đối ít nói về sự đa dạng của sự sống trên biển mặc dù các hệ thống rạn san hô có thể so sánh với rừng mưa về sự phong phú của sự sống.
Một người ngoài hành tinh khám phá Trái đất có lẽ sẽ ưu tiên cho những kẻ thống trị của hành tinh - đặc điểm đặc biệt nhất - đại dương. Con người có thiên hướng về đất mà đôi khi ngăn cản việc kiểm tra các vấn đề toàn cầu. Nhìn từ xa, rất dễ dàng để nhận ra các vùng đất chỉ chiếm một phần ba bề mặt Trái Đất. Cho rằng hai phần ba bề mặt Trái đất là nước và sinh vật biển sống ở tất cả các cấp của đại dương, tổng không gian sống ba chiều của đại dương có lẽ lớn hơn 100 lần so với đất và chứa hơn 90 phần trăm sự sống trên trái đất mặc dù đại dương có ít loài khác biệt.
Thực tế là một nửa số loài đã biết được cho là sống trong các khu rừng mưa của thế giới dường như không đáng ngạc nhiên, khi xem xét một số lượng lớn các loài côn trùng bao gồm phần lớn các loài. Một nhà khoa học đã tìm thấy nhiều loài kiến khác nhau chỉ trong một cây từ rừng mưa. Trong khi tất cả các loài đều khác biệt với mọi loài khác, gen của chúng hạn chế chúng là côn trùng và có đặc điểm tương tự với 750.000 loài côn trùng. Nếu các loại cơ bản, rộng như phyla và các lớp được nhấn mạnh hơn sự khác biệt giữa các loài, thì sự đa dạng lớn nhất của sự sống là không thể nghi ngờ bằng đường biển. Gần như tất cả các loại thực vật và động vật chính đều hiện diện ở đó.
Để đánh giá đầy đủ sự đa dạng và phong phú của sự sống trên biển, nó giúp "nghĩ nhỏ". Mỗi thìa nước đại dương, vào khoảng 100 đến 100.000 tế bào vi khuẩn cộng với các loại thực vật và động vật vi mô, bao gồm ấu trùng của các sinh vật từ bọt biển và san hô đến sao biển và trai và nhiều hơn nữa.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to intricate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Beavers have been known to use logs, branches, rocks, and mud to build dams that are more than a thousand _______.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the pronunciation of the underlined part in each of the following questions
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
They advised locking the doors carefully at night
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
He was such a wet blanket at the party tonight!
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to intricate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The Louisiana Territory, an area ______ the size of France, was bought by the United States from France for $15,000,000 in 1803.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to intricate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
You haven't eaten anything since yesterday afternoon. You ______ be really hungry!
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
In many places in the world, social or religious restrictions which prevent women from travelling freely.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
If you have some sufficient knowledge of English, you can make yourself understand almost everywhere.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to each of the following exchanges
Interviewer: "What sort of job are you looking for?" - Curtis: "_______."
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Exceeding speed limits and fail to wear safety belts are two common causes of automobile death.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to intricate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
______ through a telescope, Venus appears to go through changes in size and shape.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions
The leader failed to explain the cause of the problem. He did not offer any solutions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to intricate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The house that we used to live in is in a very ______ state.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “whom” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
What is the useful advice for those who work from home at night?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
According to paragraph 1, if you work on the same schedule as your co-workers, your work may be ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
The word “accountable” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
Just as you designate and separate your physical workspace, you should be clear about when you’re working and when you’re not. You’ll get your best work done and be most ready to transition back to the office if you stick with your regular hours. Plus, if your role is collaborative, being on the same schedule as your coworkers makes everything much easier.
“The biggest difference between working from home and working in the office is that you are in charge of your environment and have to treat yourself like an employee,” Yurovsky says. This means holding yourself accountable, but also recognizing when enough is enough, just as a good manager might. “If you feel yourself extending your work hours because you are not doing anything in the evening...tell yourself it’s time to put work away, recharge, and start tomorrow with a fresh mind. The work will be there in the morning.”
If you live with other people, this separation is even more critical. Communicate with the people whom you live with to establish boundaries so you can cut down on distractions during the workday—and then disconnect and give the people you care about your full attention. Having a separate time and space to work will allow you to be more present in your home life.
(Adapted from https://www.themuse.com/)
Which best serves as the title for the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 30
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 29
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 28
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 27
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (26) ______ are still used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he once (27) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory, Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (28) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (29)_______, this made no difference to Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from (30) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
Điền vào ô số 26