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Câu hỏi:

11/07/2024 505

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

William Sydney Porter (1862-1910), who wrote under the pseudonym of O. Henry, was born in North Carolina. His only formal education was to attend his Aunt Lina’s school until the age of fifteen, where he developed his lifelong love of books. By 1881 he was a licensed pharmacist. However, within a year, on the recommendation of a medical colleague of his Father’s, Porter moved to La Salle County in Texas for two years herding sheep. During this time, Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary was his constant companion, and Porter gained a knowledge of ranch life that he later incorporated into many of his short stories. He then moved to Austin for three years, and during this time the first recorded use of his pseudonym appeared, allegedly derived from his habit of calling “Oh, Henry” to a family cat. In 1887, Porter married Athol Estes. He worked as a draftsman, then as a bank teller for the First National Bank.

 

In 1894 Porter founded his own humor weekly, the “Rolling Stone”, a venture that failed within a year, and later wrote a column for the Houston Daily Post. In the meantime, the First National Bank was examined, and the subsequent indictment of 1886 stated that Porter had embezzled funds. Porter then fled to New Orleans, and later to Honduras, leaving his wife and child in Austin. He returned in 1897 because of his wife’s continued ill-health, however she died six months later. Then, in 1898 Porter was found guilty and sentenced to five years imprisonment in Ohio. At the age of thirty five, he entered prison as a defeated man; he had lost his job, his home, his wife, and finally his freedom. He emerged from prison three years later, reborn as O. Henry, the pseudonym he now used to hide his true identity. He wrote at least twelve stories in jail, and after re-gaining his freedom, went to New York City, where he published more than 300 stories and gained fame as America’s favorite short Story writer. Porter married again in 1907, but after months of poor health, he died in New York City at the age of forty-eight in 1910. O. Henry’s stories have been translated all over the world.

The word “pseudonym” in the passage refers to ___________.

A. William Sydney Porter

B. O. Henry

Đáp án chính xác

C. Athol Estes

D. the Aunt Lina

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

B

Kiến thức: đọc hiểu

Giải thích: Từ “pseudonym” (bút danh) trong đoạn văn đề cập tới    .

Thông tin: William Sydney Porter (1862-1910), who wrote under the pseudonym of O. Henry, was born in North Carolina.

Dịch bài đọc:

William Sydney Porter (1862-1910), người viết dưới bút danh O. Henry, sinh ra ở North Carolina. Việc học chính thức duy nhất của ông là đi học ở trường của dì Lina cho đến năm mười lăm tuổi, nơi ông đã phát triển tình yêu suốt đời về sách. Đến năm 1881, ông được cấp phép là một dược sĩ. Tuy nhiên, trong vòng một năm, theo sự giới thiệu của một đồng nghiệp y khoa của cha ông, Porter chuyển đến La Salle County ở Texas trong hai năm chăn cừu. Trong thời gian này, Cuốn từ điển đầy đủ của Webster là bạn đồng hành thường xuyên của ông, và Porter đã đạt được một kiến thức về cuộc sống nông trại mà ông sau đó được kết hợp vào nhiều truyện ngắn của mình. Sau đó, ông chuyển đến Austin trong ba năm, và trong thời gian này, lần đầu tiên tác phẩm sử dụng bút danh của ông xuất hiện, được cho là bắt nguồn từ thói quen gọi ông là "Oh, Henry" cho một con mèo gia đình. Năm 1887, Porter cưới Athol Estes. Ông làm việc như một người soạn thảo, sau đó là một nhân viên ngân hàng của Ngân hàng Quốc gia Đầu tiên.

Năm 1894 Porter thành lập truyện hài riêng của mình hàng tuần, "Rolling Stone", một chuyến mạo hiểm thất bại trong vòng một năm, và sau đó đã viết một cột cho Houston Daily Post. Trong thời gian ấy, Ngân hàng Quốc gia Đầu tiên đã được kiểm tra, và bản cáo trạng tiếp theo của năm 1886 nói rằng Porter đã tham ô công quỹ. Porter sau đó chạy trốn đến New Orleans, và sau đó đến Honduras, để lại vợ và đứa con ở Austin. Ông trở lại vào năm 1897 vì vợ của ông vẫn tiếp tục bị bệnh tật, tuy nhiên bà qua đời sáu tháng sau đó. Sau đó, năm 1898 Porter bị kết án và bị kết án 5 năm tù ở Ohio. Năm ba mươi lăm tuổi, ông vào tù như một người đàn ông thất bại; ông đã mất việc làm, nhà cửa, vợ ông, và cuối cùng là tự do của ông. Ông ra tù ba năm sau đó, được tái sinh như O. Henry, bút danh ông bây giờ sử dụng để giấu danh tính thật sự của mình. Ông đã viết ít nhất 12 câu chuyện trong tù, và sau khi giành lại quyền tự do, ông đã đi đến thành phố New York, nơi ông đã xuất bản hơn

300 câu chuyện và nổi tiếng như nhà văn truyện ngắn yêu thích của Mỹ. Porter kết hôn lần nữa vào năm 1907, nhưng sau nhiều tháng sức khoẻ yếu ớt, ông qua đời tại thành phố New York vào năm bốn mươi tám năm 1910. Những câu chuyện của O. Henry đã được dịch ra khắp thế giới.

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