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Câu hỏi:

22/07/2024 233

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage?

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate

B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills

Đáp án chính xác

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved

D. It was confined to prehistoric times

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án B

Keywords: primary cooperation, supported.

Clue: “While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies...”: Trong khi hợp tác sơ đẳng thường chủ yếu là đặc tính của xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự ...

Xã hội thuộc thời kỳ tiền văn tự nghĩa là xã hội khi việc đọc viết chưa phbiến. Có thể suy ra như sau “literate” biết đọc, biết viết. Thêm tiền tố “pre” phía trước suy nghĩa là trước khi biết đọc biết viết. Thông tin được làm rõ trong đoạn 2 về “primary cooperation” là đáp án B. It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills: Thấy phổ biển nhất ở những người chưa phát triển kỹ năng đọcviết.

Các đáp án còn lại là sai:

A. It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate: Đây thường là giai đoạn hợp tác đầu tiên của một nhóm cá nhân cố gắng hợp tác.

C. It is an ideal that can never be achieved: Đó là một lý tưởng mà không bao giờ có thể đạt được.

D. It was confined to prehistoric times: Nó bị giới hạn vào thời tiền sử.

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

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Câu 2:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

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Câu 3:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Stories about how people somehow know when they are being watched have been going around for years. However, few attempts have been made to investigate the phenomenon scientifically. Now, with the completion of the largest ever study of the so- called staring effect, there is impressive evidence that this is a recognizable and genuine sixth sense. The study involved hundreds of children. For the experiments, they sat with their eyes (41)              so they could not see, and with their backs to other children, who were told to either stare at them or look away. Time and time again the results showed that the children who could not see were able to tell when they were being stared at. In a total of more than 18, 000 trials (42) _____ worldwide, the children correctly sensed when they were being watched almost 70% of the time. The experiment was repeated with the added precaution of putting the children who were being watched outside the room, (43)              from the starters by the windows. This was done just in case there was some pretending going on with the children telling each other whether they were looking or not. This prevented the possibility of sounds being transmitted between the children. The results, (44)                     less impressive, were more or less the same. Dr. Sheldrake, the biologist (45)                       designed the study, believes that the results are convincing enough to find out through further experiments precisely how the staring effect might actually came about.

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Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

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Câu 5:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

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Câu 6:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

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Câu 7:

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Câu 8:

It is alleged that mothers and grandmothers spoil the children by          their          mistakes.

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Câu 9:

Only one of the people    ______ was qualified for the job.

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Câu 10:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

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Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions

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Câu 12:

Despite all the evidence, he wouldn’t admit that he was in the                     .

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Câu 13:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

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Although the purpose of artistic property is usually public use and enjoyment, copyright establishes the ownership of the creator. When a person buys a copyrighted magazine, it belongs to this individual as a tangible object. However, the authors of the magazine articles own the research and the writing that went into creating the articles. The right to make and sell or give away copies of books or articles belongs to the authors, publishers, or other individuals or organizations that hold the copyright. To copy an entire book or a part of it, permission must be received from the copyright owner, who will most likely expect to be paid.

Copyright law distinguishes between different types of intellectual property. Music maybe played by anyone after it is published. However, if it is performed for profit, the performers need to pay a fee, called a royalty. A similar principle applies to performances of songs and plays. On the other hand, names, ideas, and book titles are excepted. Ideas do not become copyrighted property until they are published in a book, a painting or a musical work. Almost all artistic work created before the 20th century is not copyrighted because it was created before the copyright law was passed.

The two common ways of infringing upon the copyright are plagiarism and piracy. Plagiarizing the work of another person means passing it off as one’s own. The word plagiarism is derived from the Latin plagiarus, which means “abductor”. Piracy may be an act of one person, but, in many cases, it is a joint effort of several people who reproduce copyrighted material and sell it for profit without paying royalties to the creator. Technological innovations have made piracy easy and anyone can duplicate a motion picture on videotape, a computer program, or a book. Video cassette recorders can be used by practically anyone to copy movies and television programs, and copying software has become almost as easy as copying a book. Large companies zealously monitor their copyrights for slogans, advertisements, and brand names, protected by a trademark.

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Câu 14:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

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Câu 15:

Mandy has got a bad news. She is talking to Mano about it.

Mandy: “___ .”

Mano: "Never mind, better luck next time.”

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