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Câu hỏi:

29/06/2024 956

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the answer to each of the question

The reason women appear to be at greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than men might be due to a number of genetic, anatomical and even social influences, researchers have suggested.

Recent figures show about 65% of those with living with dementia in the UK are women, with a similar statistic seen in the US for Alzheimer’s disease, while dementia is the leading cause of death for women in England. Alzheimer’s disease is only one of the types of dementia, but the most common form. While one explanation is that dementia risk increases with age, and women have longer life expectancies than men, new research suggests there might be more to the matter, including that protein tangles found within neurons and linked to Alzheimer’s disease might spread differently in women’s brains than men’s.

The study, presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in Los Angeles by researchers from Vanderbilt University and which has not yet been peer-reviewed, used scans from a method called positron emission tomography. That allowed them to look at the way clumps of a protein called tau were spread in the brains of 123 men and 178 women without cognitive problems, as well as 101 men and 60 women with mild cognitive problems – although not yet diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Cognitively normal older people often have small amounts of tau in certain areas of their brain.

From the data the team could build maps showing which areas of the brain show similar signals relating to tau in the scans, suggesting they are somehow connected. “Based on that we kind of try to reconstruct the pattern of spread,” Dr Sepideh Shokouhi, who is presenting the research, told the Guardian. “It is kind of like reconstructing a crime scene.” The team says the results suggest these maps look different in women and men, suggesting tau might be able to spread more rapidly across the female brain.

Other research presented at the conference – and also not yet peer reviewed – added weight to the idea that there might be differences between men and women that affect dementia risk. Research by scientists at the University of Miami has revealed a handful of genes and genetic variants appear to be linked to Alzheimer’s disease in just one biological sex or the other. While the actual importance of these factors has yet to be unpicked, and the study only looked at white participants, the team says it underscores that there could be a genetic reason for differences in the risk of dementia in men and women, and the way it develops.

(Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com)

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. The data from the maps may help researchers find out the treatment for dementia.

Đáp án chính xác

B. The men’s life expectancies are longer than women’s, so they are less suffered from Alzheimer’s.

C. All the research at the conference has been peer-reviewed before presented.

D. Female brains are likely more convenient for tau to develop than male ones.

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án A

Kiến thức : Đọc hiểu

Giải thích: Theo đoạn văn, câu nào sau đây là đúng?

A. Dữ liệu từ bản đồ có thể giúp các nhà nghiên cứu tìm ra cách chữa trị cho bệnh mất trí nhớ.

B. Tuổi thọ của nam giới lớn hơn của nữ giới, vì vậy họ ít bị bệnh Alzheimer hơn.

C. Tất cả nghiên cứu tại hội nghị đã được kiểm duyệt trước khi trình bày.

D. Não bộ của nữ giới thì thuận tiện cho protein T phát triển hơn là não bộ nam giới.

Thông tin 1: While one explanation is that dementia risk increases with age, and women have longer life expectancies than men, new research suggests there might be more to the matter, including that protein tangles found within neurons and linked to Alzheimer’s disease might spread differently in women’s brains than men’s. (Đoạn 2)

Tạm dịch: Trong khi một giải thích khác cho rằng nguy cơ mất trí nhớ tăng lên theo tuổi tác, và phụ nữ thường có tuổi thọ lớn hơn nam giới, thì một nghiên cứu mới đã cho biết vấn đề có thể nghiêm trọng hơn, bao gồm tình trạng lộn xộn protein được tìm thấy trong nơ-ron và được cho là liên quan tới bệnh Alzheimer có thể phát triển 1 cách khác nhau trong não của phụ nữ và đàn ông).

Thông tin 2: The study, presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in Los Angeles by researchers from Vanderbilt University and which has not yet been peer-reviewed, used scans from a method called positron emission tomography. (Đoạn 3)

Tạm dịch: Một nghiên cứu, được trình bày tại Hội nghị quốc tế Hiệp hội Alzheimer ở Los Angeles bởi các nhà nghiên cứu của đại học Vanderbilt và vẫn chưa được kiểm duyệt, đã sử dụng các hình ảnh cắt lớp từ một phương pháp gọi là chụp ảnh cắt lớp nhờ phóng xạ.

Thông tin 3: Other research presented at the conference – and also not yet peer reviewed – added weight to the idea that there might be differences between men and women that affect dementia risk. (Đoạn 7)

Tạm dịch: Một nghiên cứu khác được trình bày tại hội nghị - và cũng chưa được kiểm duyệt – nhấn mạnh vào ý kiến rằng sự khác biệt giữa nam và nữ có thể tác động đến nguy cơ mất trí nhớ.

Thông tin 4: From the data the team could build maps showing which areas of the brain show similar signals relating to tau in the scans, suggesting they are somehow connected. (Đoạn 6)

Tạm dịch: Từ dữ liệu đó, các nhà nghiên cứu có thể xây dựng các bản đồ chỉ ra khu vực nào của bộ não có các tín hiệu có liên quan tới protein T trong hình ảnh cắt lớp và chỉ ra chúng liên kết như thế nào.

Thông tin 5: The team says the results suggest these maps look different in women and men, suggesting tau might be able to spread more rapidly across the female brain. (Đoạn 6)

Tạm dịch: Các nhà nghiên cứu cho biết kết quả cho thấy các bản đồ này trông khác nhau ở đàn ông và phụ nữ, và rằng protein T có thể phát triển nhanh hơn trong não bộ nữ giới.

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

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