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Câu hỏi:

19/07/2024 61

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

    A small but growing group of scholars, evolutionary psychologists, are being to sketch the contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection. Some of them even anticipate the coming of a field called "mismatch theory", which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the modern environment and the "ancestral environment". The one we were designed for. There is no shortage of such maladies to study. Rates of depression have been doubling in some industrial countries roughly every 10 years. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after car wrecks and homicides.

    Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already shedding enough light to challenge some conventional wisdom. It suggests for example, that the nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided-that the model family of husband at work and wife at home is hardly a "natural" and the healthful living arrangement, especially for the wives. Moreover, the bygone lifestyles that do look fairly by commercialism. Perhaps the biggest surprise from evolutionary psychology is it depiction of the "animal" in us. Freud, and various thinkers since, saw "civilization" as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and transmutes them into psychopathology. However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a large threat to mental health may be the way civilization thwarts civility. There is a gentler, kinder side of human

nature, and it seems increasingly to be a victim of repression in modern society

According to the passage, the death of many young people in industrial countries is mainly caused by 

A. murder 

B. traffic accidents 

Đáp án chính xác

C. suicide 

D. depression 

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi Vietjack

Đáp án B

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after car wrecks and homicides.” Ta dịch nghĩa: Tự tử là nguyên nhân phổ biến thứ ba trong việc gây ra cái chết đối với những người trẻ, sau tai nạn xe và giết người.

Dịch nghĩa: Theo đoạn văn, cái chết của nhiều người trẻ ở một đất nước công nghiệp chủ yếu là do ______.

A. giết người

B. tai nạn

C. tự tử

D. trầm cảm

Câu trả lời này có hữu ích không?

0

CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ

Câu 1:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite films

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,770

Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

His boss has had enough of his impudence, and doesn’t want to hire him any more

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,678

Câu 3:

Most Americans don’t object _____ being called by their first names.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,585

Câu 4:

The new school complex cost ______ the city council had budgeted for.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 1,082

Câu 5:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech. Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.

More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.

Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults

What does the passage mainly discuss?

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 948

Câu 6:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Good clerks are happy to wait for their customers

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 682

Câu 7:

For this recipe to be successful, you _____ cook the meat for at least two hours in a moderate oven

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 672

Câu 8:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The existence of many stars in the sky _______ us to suspect that there may be life on another planet

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 607

Câu 9:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

No matter what different, various music types have one thing in common: touching the hearts of  listeners

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 571

Câu 10:

I had a red pen but I seem to have lost it; I think I’d better buy ______ one.

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 555

Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

“Why don’t you ask your boss for a rise?” he asked me 

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 528

Câu 12:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

DO SMALLER CLASSES REALLY HELP?

 In an experiment in Canada, ten-year-old children were put in classes of four sizes: 16, 23, 30 and 37 children in (31)____ class. Their teachers said that the smaller classes would result in more individual attention and better marks. However, when the children were (32)____, those in the smaller classes didn’t get higher marks than the others, except in mathematics. Moreover, children in the larger classes said they liked school (33)____ as much. Perhaps the most surprising result was the difference between what teachers expected and the actual results obtained. More than 90% of the teachers expected the smaller classes to (34)____ well. After teaching these smaller classes, over 80% of the teachers thought the pupils had done better. However, according to the researchers, nothing of the (35)____ happened. Class size seemed to make a difference only to the teachers’ own attitudes - and not to the results they obtained. (Source: “Longman Tests in Contexts” by J.B. Heaton)

Điền ô số 31

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 396

Câu 13:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

DO SMALLER CLASSES REALLY HELP?

 In an experiment in Canada, ten-year-old children were put in classes of four sizes: 16, 23, 30 and 37 children in (31)____ class. Their teachers said that the smaller classes would result in more individual attention and better marks. However, when the children were (32)____, those in the smaller classes didn’t get higher marks than the others, except in mathematics. Moreover, children in the larger classes said they liked school (33)____ as much. Perhaps the most surprising result was the difference between what teachers expected and the actual results obtained. More than 90% of the teachers expected the smaller classes to (34)____ well. After teaching these smaller classes, over 80% of the teachers thought the pupils had done better. However, according to the researchers, nothing of the (35)____ happened. Class size seemed to make a difference only to the teachers’ own attitudes - and not to the results they obtained. (Source: “Longman Tests in Contexts” by J.B. Heaton)

Điền ô số 32

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 371

Câu 14:

Such ________________ that we didn’t want to go home

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 340

Câu 15:

A good friend should _________ you whatever happens

Xem đáp án » 18/06/2021 313

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