Read the following passage and fill the blank with ONE suitable word.
Enjoyment is what drinking wine is all about. However, the more you know, (56)________ easier it becomes to select the right wines for you or your guests. Wine is basically grape juice to (57)________ yeast has been added causing it to ferment and produce alcohol. Alcohol is flavourless, so there must be something more (58)________ wine than this. Many of the secrets of wine lie within the grape. Its pulp is a sugar solution which contains the things that give a wine its fruity flavour. In a dry wine, most of a grape’s sugar has been converted (59)________ alcohol. In a sweet one, more sugar is left. This can be felt on the (60)________ of the tongue. The pulp also contains acidity which gives the wine "crispness” that makes the mouth water.
Too much (61)________ it can make you wince, too little and the wine could taste dull. The skin contains flavour and tannin. Tannin produces a tingling sensation in the gums and gives a wine firmness. White grapes (62)________ their skins removed before fermentation so tannin is only really found in red wines. The pulp of black and white grapes is (63)________ same pale colour. The fact that the skins of black grapes are left on (64)________ the wine is fermented gives red wine its colour.
The wines which are often considered to be the best are (65)________ where all the elements balance one another. There are many grape varieties grown in many climates which influence the emphasis given to these features and this is why wines can be so wonderfully different.
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.
John didn’t celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing.
→ Not until ______________________________________________________.You must submit articles for the magazine by June 18th.
→ The final date _________________________________________________.Read the text below and choose the correct word for each space. For each question, circle letter A, B, C or D next to the answer you choose.
Dolphins communicate mainly by (46)________ of sounds. These sounds not only (47)________ whistles, but also so-called pulsed sounds, which are often described as squawks, barks, rasps, etc. However, they also use breaching (jumping and falling back into the (48)________ with a loud splash) and pectoral fin (or flipper) and tail (or fluke) slaps (hitting the flipper or fluke on the water surface). Body posturing and jaw popping also have a role in (49)________. As for language, we do not know (50)________ they have one. Several studies have demonstrated that dolphins can understand a structured language like (51)________. This has been demonstrated for a number of other animal species as well (gorilla, California sea lion, and parrot). Some studies also indicate that dolphin vocalizations are complex (52)________ to support some form of language. (53)________, it has not been demonstrated (54)________ that they can undoubtedly communicate (55)________ themselves.
Choose among A, B, C, or D the one that best fits each of the blanks.
You shouldn't have criticized him in front of his friends. It was extremely__________ of you.
Although Jimmy was the stronger of the two, his attacker soon overpowered him.
→ Despite his ____________________________________________________.It was only when I left home that I realized how much my father meant to me.
→ Not until _______________________________________________________.
Use the word in capitals at the end of these sentences to form a word that fits in the blank space.
One (36. CHARACTER)________ of the modern world is that people increasingly find themselves living side by side with people from other cultures. While in the past people with different cultures were able to live quite (37. SEPARATE)________ , high mobility and freedom of movement mean that we are more likely today to be confronted with people whose way the life is (38. FAMILIAR)________ to us. In such circumstances, (39. RACE)________ is a real danger.
People feel a tremendous (40. LOYAL)________ to their own culture, and are often unwilling to develop an (41. APPRECIATE)________ of the positive aspects of other cultures. They may feel that another culture presents a threat to their own (42. INHERIT)________, one that could even lead to the (43. APPEAR)________ of certain aspects of their way of life. Often, however, this threat is more a matter of (44. PERCEIVE)________ than reality and different groups live in (45. RELATE)________ harmony in many parts of the world.