What does the word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Instructors at American colleges and universities use many different teaching methods. Some instructors give assignments every day. They grade homework. Students in their classes have to take many quizzes, a midterm exam, and a final test. Other instructors give only writing assignments. Some teachers always follow a course outline and usually use the textbooks. Others send students to the library for assignments.
The atmosphere in some classrooms is very formal. Students call their instructors “Professor Smith”, “Mrs. Jones”, and so on. Some teachers wear business clothes and give lectures. Other classrooms have an informal atmosphere. Students and teachers discuss their ideas. Instructors dress informally, and students call them by their first names. American teachers are not alike in their teaching styles.
At most American colleges and universities, facilities for learning and recreation are available to students. Students can often use recorders, video machines, and computers at libraries and learning centres. They can buy books, notebooks, and other things at campus stores. They can get advice on their problems from counsellors and individual help with their classes from tutors. Students can relax and have fun on campus, too. Some schools have swimming pools and tennis courts. Most have snack bars or cafeterias.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

The palace was badly damaged by fire, but was eventually restored to its original splendor.

What does the phrase “business clothes” in paragraph 2 mean?

George is not enough intelligent to pass this economics class without help.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Some snakes have hollow teeth they are called fans that they use to poison their victims.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Not until all their demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike for more welfare.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Where do students and teachers discuss their idea?

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

John and Mary are having dinner at her house.

John: “This dish is really delicious!”

Mary: “……………. . It’s called Yakitori, and it’s made with chicken livers.”

She raised her hand high. She wanted to attract her teacher’s attention.