Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Birds have evolved many physical attributes that contribute to their flying ability. Wings are important, but adjustable tails, large hearts and light bones play critical roles
To fly, birds, like airplanes, move air across their wings. Wings are designed so that air above the wings is forced to move faster than air below the wing. This creates higher pressure under the wings, called lift, which pushes the bird up. Different wing types evolved for different ways of flying. Prolonged flight requires long wings and an ability to soar. Other birds need superior maneuverability. Finches and sparrows have short, broad wings. Faster birds, like hawks have built - in spoilers that reduce turbulence while flying. This allows a steeper angle of attack without stalling.
Tails have evolved for specialized use. The tail acts like a rudder helping birds steer. Birds brake by spreading out their tails as they land. This adaptation allows them to make sudden, controlled stops in essential skill, since most birds need to land on individual branches or on prey.
Flight takes muscle strength. If body builders had wings, they still could not flap hard enough to leave the ground. Birds have large, specialized hearts that beat much faster than the human heart and provide the necessary oxygen to the muscles. The breast muscle accounts for 15 percent of the bird’s body weight. On pigeons, it accounts for a third of their total body weight. Birds carry no excess baggage, they have hollow feathers and hollow bones with struts inside to maintain strength, like cross beams in a bridge. Birds fly to find a prey, escape predators, and attract mates-in other words, to survive.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Wings are the most important physical attribute of birds.
B. Different wing styles evolved for different types of flight.
C. Birds have many specialized features that aid in their survival.
Đáp án C
Dịch đề bài: Ý chính của đoạn văn này là gì?
A. Cánh là đặc điểm thể chất quan trọng nhất của các loài chim.
B. Các loại cánh chim khác nhau tiến hóa cho các kiểu bay khác nhau.
C. Các loài chim có nhiều đặc điểm chuyên biệt để hỗ trợ sự sinh tồn của mình.
D. Các loài chim bay bởi nhiều lý do.
* Hướng dẫn làm bài:
Đối với loại câu hỏi tìm ý chính/ tiêu đề của đoạn văn, việc cần làm là:
1/ Đọc 2-3 câu đâu tiên của bài vì những câu đó là câu thể hiện chủ đề của bài viết.
2/ Đọc lướt qua nội dung của bài để chắc chắn mình xác định ý chính đúng.
Câu đầu tiên của bài này là: “Birds have evolved many physical attributes that contribute to their flying ability.” Và câu cuối của bài này là: “Birds fly to find a prey, escape predators, and attract mates-in other words, to survive.”
Tạm dịch: “Các loài chim đã tiến hóa rất nhiều đặc điểm thể chất đóng góp quan trọng cho khả năng bay của mình.” Và “Các loài chim bay để săn mồi, trốn thoát khỏi kẻ săn mình, và thu hút bạn tình, nói cách khác, là để sinh tồn”.
Như vậy, câu đầu tiên của bài nêu ra ý chính là về các đặc điểm thể chất được tiến hóa để phù hợp với việc bay. Các đoạn sau của bài nói sâu hơn về các đặc điểm đó. Câu cuối cùng của bài kết luận rằng đối với chim, bay là để tồn tại. Nghĩa là, các loài chim đã tiến hóa các đặc điểm thể chất để phù hợp với việc bay, và để tồn tại.
Vậy nên, đáp án C đúng.
Các đáp án còn lại chỉ nói về nội dung của một phần trong bài chứ không bao quát hết bài.
After suffering severe wounds in the attack, the secret agent decided to his resignation to the commander.
When travelling in Europe, we tried to___________at least an hour in a medieval town to explore it.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law in 1990. This law extends civil rights protection to persons with disabilities in private sector employment, all public services, and in public accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications. A person with disability is defined as someone with a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits him or her in a major life activity, such as walking, talking, working, or self-care. A person with a
disability may also be someone with a past record of such an impairment, for example, someone who no longer has heart disease but discriminated against because of that history.
The ADA states that employers with fifteen or more employees may not refuse to hire or promote a person because of a disability if that person is qualified to perform the job. Also, the employer must make reasonable accommodations that will allow a person with a disability to perform essential functions of the job. All new vehicles purchased by public transit authorities must be accessible to people with disabilities. All rail stations must be made accessible, and at least one car per train in existing rail systems must be made accessible.
It is illegal for public accommodations to exclude or refuse persons with disabilities. Public accommodations are businesses and services such as restaurants, hotels, grocery stores, and parks. All new buildings must be made accessible, and existing facilities must remove barriers if the removal can be accomplished without much difficulty or expense.
The ADA also stipulates that companies offering telephone service to the general public must offer relay services to individuals who use telecommunications devices for the deaf, twenty- four hours a day, seven days a week.
What is the main purpose of the passage?
The author did not intend anybody___________his paintings until they were finished.
The man standing next to our father is a persuasive speaker with a natural talent___________leadership.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
After so___________consideration, we have finally arrived at a decision.
During rush hours, the traffic is usually___________and cars are closing up behind each other.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Dick is thanking Michelle for giving him the gift on his birthday.
Dick: “Thanks for the nice gift you brought to me!”
Michelle: “___________”
Alice Thornton’s autobiography provides a fascinate account of family life in seventeenth-century England.
Her father was really a___________of strength to her when her marriage broke up.
Linda, along with hundreds of others, ___________unemployed when the factory closes next month.
The customs officers stopped the suspected man and ordered him to show___________.
Last week, an earthquake which___________6.1 on the Richter scale struck southern California.
According to the passage, what benefit comes from having built-in spoilers?