Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42
Pollution is a threat to many species on earth, but sometimes it can cause species to thrive. Such is the case with Pfiesteria piscicida. A one-celled creature called a dinoflagellate, Pfiesteria inhabits warm coastal areas and river mouths, especially along the eastern United States. Although scientists have found evidence of Priesteria in 3,000-year-old sea floor sediments and dinoflagellates are thought to be one of the oldest life forms on earth, few people took notice of Pfiesteria.
Lately, however, blooms - or huge, dense populations - of Pfiesteria are appearing in coastal waters, and in such large concentrations the dinoflagellates become ruthless killers. The blooms emit powerful toxins that weaken and entrap fish that swim into the area. The toxins eventually cause the fish to develop large bleeding sores through which the tiny creatures attack, feasting on blood and flesh. Often the damage is astounding. During a 1991 fish kill that was blamed on Pfiesteria on North Carolina's Neusc River, ncarly one billion fish died and bulldozers had to be brought in to clear the remains from the river. Of course, such events can have a devastating effect on commercially important fish, but that is just one way that Pfiesteria causes problems. The toxins it emits affect human skin in much the same way as they affect fish skin. Additionally, fisherman and others who have spent time near Pfiesteria blooms report that the toxins seem to get into the air, where once inhaled they affect the nervous system, causing severe headaches, blurred vision, nausea, breathing difficulty, short-term memory loss and even cognitive impairment.
For a while, it seemed that deadly Pfiesteria blooms were a threat only to North Carolina waters, but the problem seems to be spreading. More and more, conditions along the east coast seem to be favorable for Pfiesteria. Researchers suspect that pollutants such as animal waste from livestock operations, fertilizers washed from farmlands and waste water from mining operations have probably all combined to promote the growth of Pfiesteria in coastal waters.
(Source: Michigan Proficiency)
What is true of Pfiesteria?
Giải bởi Vietjack
Điều gì đúng với Pfiesteria?
A. Nó đã là mối đe dọa cho cá và con người trong hơn 3.000 năm.
B. Nó dường như phát triển mạnh khi có mặt một số chất gây ô nhiễm.
C. Ở nồng độ lớn, nó gây ra mối đe dọa cho cá nhưng không gây ra cho con người.
D. Đây là dạng sống lâu đời nhất trên trái đất.
Đáp án B.
Giải thích: “…pollutants such as animal waste from livestock operations, fertilizers washed from farmlands and waste water from mining operations have probably all combined to promote the growth of Pfiesteria”: các chất ô nhiễm như chất thải động vật từ hoạt động chăn nuôi, phân bón được rửa từ đất nông nghiệp và nước thải từ hoạt động khai thác có lẽ đã kết hợp để gia tăng sự phát triển của Pfiesteria.
Các đáp án còn lại:
A. sai vì Pfiesteria mới gây ảnh hưởng trong vài năm gần đây: “Lately, blooms – or huge, dense populations – of Pfiesteria are appearing in coastal waters, and in such large concentrations the dinoflagellates become ruthless killers.”
C. sai vì Pfiesteria ảnh hưởng tới cả con người (cuối đoạn 2)
D. sai vì Pfiesteria là một trong số những loài sống lâu nhất (one of the oldest) chứ không phải là loài sống lâu nhất.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29
HOME EDUCATION
Up until fairly recently, home schooling was (25) ___________ as something rather uncommon. In the past decade, however, the idea of children being taught in the family home has (26) ___________ in popularity. Many parents cite the alarmingly high incidence of violence in mainstream institutions as the reason behind their choice to home educate, (27) ___________ others point to the poor standards that are maintained in the state school system. They claim that an insufficient (28) ___________ of teachers and overcrowding in classrooms has led to an unacceptable situation. On the one hand, these parents may have taken a justifiable decision, but on the other, one can't help thinking about the deprivation these stay-at home children may be suffering as (29) ___________ as social interaction with their peers is concerned.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Class 11 M's football team ___________ 2 games so far this season, and will probably win the championship.
By 1820, there were over sixty steamboats on the Mississippi river, ___________ were quite luxurious.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
The Notre Dame Cathedral, was built between 1877 and 1883, is set in the heart of Ho Chi Minh City's administrative center.
Many charity organizations have brought food supplies and clothes to flood-effecting areas in the Mekong Delta.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three tin the pronunciation in each of the following questions.
According to paragraph 2, what will NOT happen if one breathes the toxic air?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Anne is seeing Mary off at the airport.
Anne: “Don't fail to look after yourself, Mary!”
Marry: “___________”
Some operations may have to be halted unless more blood donors come forward to help.
Mario was trying to ___________ if there was any cinnamon in the apple cake he was eating.
