“If I ________ and my life depended on the solution, I would spend the first 55 minutes determining the proper question to ask, for once I know the proper question, I could solve the problem in less than five minutes." _ Albert Einstein

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

       A little while ago, the European Parliament recommended a list of 8 key competencies which they believe all (23) ____ institutions should provide their students with, to promote lifelong learning. These key competencies consist of knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are central to the development of (24) ____ children, young people and eventually adults.

       Finland isn't the first country to recognize the value of ‘lifelong learning’ but Finland is the first country to base their teaching curriculum (25) ____ the eight key competencies. Instead of focusing on classic academic subjects, like. History or English, Finnish schools will now structure lessons around broader, crosscutting and interdisciplinary "topics".

       Speaking on why Finland decided to make this shift towards lifelong learning. Pasi Sahlberg. Visiting Professor at the Graduate School of Education Harvard University, said: “educators in Finland think, quite correctly, that schools should teach what young people need in their lives... (26) ______Finnish youth need more than before are more integrated knowledge and skills about real world issues”.

       As Professor Sahlberg explains the key competencies don't focus on knowledge acquisition and test score results, (27) ____ on developing skills for longer term learning, with an emphasis on social and emotional development.

(Source: https://www.mindmeister.com/blog/8-lesson-plans-promote-lifelong-learning/)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

       In “How many hours does it take to make a friend?” (2018), Jeffrey A. Hall describes the types of encounters that build a friendship.

       His study found that hours of time spent together was linked with closer friendships, as was time spent enjoying leisure activities together. Specifically, he found that the chance of making a “casual friend,” as opposed to a mere acquaintance, was greater than 50 percent when people spent approximately 43 hours together within three weeks of meeting. He further found that casual friends evolve into friends at some point between 57 hours after three weeks, and 164 hours over three months. Hall's research also demonstrated, however, that when it comes to time spent developing friendships, quality is more important than quantity. And when it comes to conversation, topics matter. When it comes to building quality relationships, the duration of conversation is not as important as the content. Meaningful conversation is the key to bonding with others.

       Hall found that when it comes to developing friendships, sharing daily life through catching up and joking around promotes closeness; small talk does not. Consider the inane topics that often come up when you are trapped in an elevator with an acquaintance. Discussing the weather or speculating on how many stops you will make before finally reaching the lobby does not facilitate bonding. Nor does mere proximity. Hall found that obligatory time spent together, such as in a classroom or workplace, does not promote closeness. Friendships require an efficient use of time together. Someone who remembers the details of your life and asks questions about your family, your job, your latest vacation, etc., is much more likely on his or her way to becoming someone you consider a friend, as opposed to an acquaintance.

(source: https://www.psychologytoday.com/)

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

As a devoted and respectable woman, she makes a large donation to a _______________ cause every year.

Steve was very happy in his job until he fell out with his boss. After that, it was difficult for them to work together.

"Anyone who stops learning is old, ________. Anyone who keeps learning stays young." _ Henry Ford

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

In ________________, I must acknowledge that we were guilty of errors of judgment.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The majority of the students _______ home for their holidays for the past few weeks.

I’m sorry but I assure you that I had no intention ____________ offending you.

He has been given work as a window cleaner even though he has no ____________ for heights.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mrs Townsend was left _______________ all the arrangements for the outing by herself.