Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

In a formal interview, it is essential that the interviewee _______ good eye contact with the interviewers

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The bad weather caused serious damage to the crop. If only it _______ warmer

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

As a(n) _______ girl, she found it difficult to socialize with other students in the class

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

After the car crash last night, all the injured _______ to the hospital in an ambulance

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Art lovers should read ______ about what new paintings will be displayed

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

You should go ______ the report before you submit it to the director of the company

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

All the workers complained that the price of food had increased so that their ______ of living had fallen

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

If this animal had escaped from its cage, it could ______ have killed or maimed several people

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

She said that she ______ to have a baby

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

If my feet ______ so big, I wouldn’t have a problem of buying shoes.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Many people think that the advantages of living in a city ______ the disadvantages

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The generation live together ______ the limited space in the house

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The show was devised by David Young, ____ a BBC producer and later founder of game show production company 12 Yard Productions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

I hope you won’t take _____ if I say that your project needs more improvement to be accepted

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

Although they had never met before the party, Jim and Jane felt strong affinity to each other

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

Please stop making that noise! It really gets on my nerves

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

A mediocre student who gets low grades will have trouble getting into an Ivy League College

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

Perhaps more than anything else, it was onerous taxes that led to the Peasants' Revolt in England in 1381

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Mary: “I will never go mountaineering again.” 

                     – Linda: “Me ______.” 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Mary: “Thanks a lot for your help.” 

                          – John: “______.” 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29 

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

     Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (25) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18thcentury, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitude began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (26) _________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (27) __________there were 1,333 designs.

          Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (28) __________ about catching a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the process of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (29) __________the pain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29 

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

     Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (25) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18thcentury, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitude began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (26) _________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (27) __________there were 1,333 designs.

          Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (28) __________ about catching a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the process of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (29) __________the pain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29 

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

     Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (25) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18thcentury, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitude began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (26) _________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (27) __________there were 1,333 designs.

          Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (28) __________ about catching a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the process of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (29) __________the pain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29 

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

     Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (25) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18thcentury, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitude began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (26) _________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (27) __________there were 1,333 designs.

          Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (28) __________ about catching a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the process of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (29) __________the pain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29 

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

     Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (25) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18thcentury, when Captain Cook saw South Sea Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitude began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (26) _________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (27) __________there were 1,333 designs.

          Nowadays, not everybody finds tattoos acceptable. Some people thing that getting one is silly because tattoos are more or less permanent. There is also some (28) __________ about catching a blood disease from unsterilized needles. Even for those who do want a tattoo, the process of getting one is not painless, but the final result, in their eyes, is (29) __________the pain

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

          In general, the influence of Anglo patrons has been much less pronounced on Hispanic arts than on American Indian arts. The Hispanic crafts revival was confined to a much shorter period of time, beginning in the early 1920's, reaching its peak in the late 1930's, and dying down by the Second World War, less than 20 years. During this period, in spite of the enthusiasm of the wealthy Anglo patrons in northern New Mexico, Hispanic crafts never "caught on" nationally in the way American Indian crafts did. Interest was fairly well limited to the Southwest and Southern California, the areas in which the adobe hacienda revival was taking place. The major interest in Hispanic crafts was as furnishings for these comfortable Southwestern-style adobe homes. These crafts were not, as were American Indian crafts viewed as valuable art objects in themselves purchased with an eye for speculation. Hispanic arts to, a great degree have been ignored by the speculative Anglo art market. A beneficial consequence of this oversight is that the artisans have been freer to work according to their own standards and within their own traditions. Their work has not been "emptied of previous vital meanings" and become a meaningless revival. as has so much ethnic art of this day. Rather it has remained as an object of cultural pride and identity and not simply the product of the tastes and demands of the art market

What does this passage mainly discuss? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

          In general, the influence of Anglo patrons has been much less pronounced on Hispanic arts than on American Indian arts. The Hispanic crafts revival was confined to a much shorter period of time, beginning in the early 1920's, reaching its peak in the late 1930's, and dying down by the Second World War, less than 20 years. During this period, in spite of the enthusiasm of the wealthy Anglo patrons in northern New Mexico, Hispanic crafts never "caught on" nationally in the way American Indian crafts did. Interest was fairly well limited to the Southwest and Southern California, the areas in which the adobe hacienda revival was taking place. The major interest in Hispanic crafts was as furnishings for these comfortable Southwestern-style adobe homes. These crafts were not, as were American Indian crafts viewed as valuable art objects in themselves purchased with an eye for speculation. Hispanic arts to, a great degree have been ignored by the speculative Anglo art market. A beneficial consequence of this oversight is that the artisans have been freer to work according to their own standards and within their own traditions. Their work has not been "emptied of previous vital meanings" and become a meaningless revival. as has so much ethnic art of this day. Rather it has remained as an object of cultural pride and identity and not simply the product of the tastes and demands of the art market

According to the passage, during which of the following periods were Hispanic crafts most popular? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

     In general, the influence of Anglo patrons has been much less pronounced on Hispanic arts than on American Indian arts. The Hispanic crafts revival was confined to a much shorter period of time, beginning in the early 1920's, reaching its peak in the late 1930's, and dying down by the Second World War, less than 20 years. During this period, in spite of the enthusiasm of the wealthy Anglo patrons in northern New Mexico, Hispanic crafts never "caught on" nationally in the way American Indian crafts did. Interest was fairly well limited to the Southwest and Southern California, the areas in which the adobe hacienda revival was taking place. The major interest in Hispanic crafts was as furnishings for these comfortable Southwestern-style adobe homes. These crafts were not, as were American Indian crafts viewed as valuable art objects in themselves purchased with an eye for speculation. Hispanic arts to, a great degree have been ignored by the speculative Anglo art market. A beneficial consequence of this oversight is that the artisans have been freer to work according to their own standards and within their own traditions. Their work has not been "emptied of previous vital meanings" and become a meaningless revival. as has so much ethnic art of this day. Rather it has remained as an object of cultural pride and identity and not simply the product of the tastes and demands of the art market. 

In line 6, the author says that Hispanic crafts never "caught on" to indicate that they

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

     In general, the influence of Anglo patrons has been much less pronounced on Hispanic arts than on American Indian arts. The Hispanic crafts revival was confined to a much shorter period of time, beginning in the early 1920's, reaching its peak in the late 1930's, and dying down by the Second World War, less than 20 years. During this period, in spite of the enthusiasm of the wealthy Anglo patrons in northern New Mexico, Hispanic crafts never "caught on" nationally in the way American Indian crafts did. Interest was fairly well limited to the Southwest and Southern California, the areas in which the adobe hacienda revival was taking place. The major interest in Hispanic crafts was as furnishings for these comfortable Southwestern-style adobe homes. These crafts were not, as were American Indian crafts viewed as valuable art objects in themselves purchased with an eye for speculation. Hispanic arts to, a great degree have been ignored by the speculative Anglo art market. A beneficial consequence of this oversight is that the artisans have been freer to work according to their own standards and within their own traditions. Their work has not been "emptied of previous vital meanings" and become a meaningless revival. as has so much ethnic art of this day. Rather it has remained as an object of cultural pride and identity and not simply the product of the tastes and demands of the art market. 

In line 15 of the passage, to which of the following does the word "it" refer?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

     In general, the influence of Anglo patrons has been much less pronounced on Hispanic arts than on American Indian arts. The Hispanic crafts revival was confined to a much shorter period of time, beginning in the early 1920's, reaching its peak in the late 1930's, and dying down by the Second World War, less than 20 years. During this period, in spite of the enthusiasm of the wealthy Anglo patrons in northern New Mexico, Hispanic crafts never "caught on" nationally in the way American Indian crafts did. Interest was fairly well limited to the Southwest and Southern California, the areas in which the adobe hacienda revival was taking place. The major interest in Hispanic crafts was as furnishings for these comfortable Southwestern-style adobe homes. These crafts were not, as were American Indian crafts viewed as valuable art objects in themselves purchased with an eye for speculation. Hispanic arts to, a great degree have been ignored by the speculative Anglo art market. A beneficial consequence of this oversight is that the artisans have been freer to work according to their own standards and within their own traditions. Their work has not been "emptied of previous vital meanings" and become a meaningless revival. as has so much ethnic art of this day. Rather it has remained as an object of cultural pride and identity and not simply the product of the tastes and demands of the art market. 

Which of the following places is NOT mentioned in the passage as a place in which Hispanic crafts were popular? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

The author mentions commercials running during prime time in order to ____.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

The author uses the chain of coffee shops as an example of _____.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

Which of the following is NOT true about the perceived value of a product?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

Which of the following can the inferred from paragraph 3? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the coffee chain’s price increase

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

Which of the following is true about the effect of higher-priced ad campaign?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

How do companies determine the price they charge for a product?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON PRICING

     Advertising makes an immense difference in the popularity of a product. Studies have shown that consumers usually pay more for advertised products than non-advertised products. As a result, the marketing and advertising industry is a multibillion-dollar-a-year business. Local commercials can cost as little as several hundred dollars to products, while national companies have been known to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on a single commercial. Interestingly, the source of these expensive commercials is the consumers who view the advertisements from the comfort of their living room. Companies influence the prices that consumers pay in two ways. 

     When consumers purchase any products, they are obviously paying for the cost of manufacturing the product. However, they are also paying for the advertising campaign devised to convince consumers to buy the product. The more costly the advertising campaign, the higher the price paid by consumers. Companies are allowed to set these high prices because consumers have shown that they will continue to pay them. For instance, a multinational chain of coffee shops significantly raised its prices a few years ago, due in no small part to an expensive national advertising campaign. While regular customers noticed and were not fond of the hike, one was quoted as saying, “I doubt it will make an impact [on consumers]. It won’t change my habit.” Indeed, it did not, the company experienced record sales in spite of the fact its prices were higher than its competitors’. 

          Another way advertising tends to affect product pricing is seen in the arena of perceived value to the consumers. The perceived value is the worth that consumers assign to a product. Studies show that often the advertising for a product determines its value more than the quality or necessity of the product itself. One way a company may take advantage of this perceived value is by running commercials during prime time. These ads are usually much more expensive than others. For example, a national commercial that ran during a popular American show cost close to $745,000 to run for thirty seconds. If people watching the show perceive that the product is more valuable simply because it was advertised during prime time, they are often willing to pay higher prices. So, whether it is seen in the cost of the commercials or the advertiser-assigned value, it is obvious that advertising drives product pricing and directly affects consumers

Which of the following can be inferred about pricing and advertising?

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

He was so intelligent a student that he could pass the final exam easy

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Hadn’t you informed of the change in the timetable, I would have rushed to the office yesterday

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

I’d prefer to do it on myself because other people make me nervous

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

“I was not there at the time” said he

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

I’m sure Jessica was very upset when you left. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

Immediately, after his arrival, things went wrong

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

Smoking is an extremely harmful habit. You should give it up immediately

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping. We know relatively little about sleep