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We owe the invention of paper to the Egyptian papyrus or the Egyptian paper. The Egyptians made paper from the papyrus plant (Cyperus papyrus) that was commonly found along the banks of river Nile. The pith of the plant was taken out and cut into long strips. These strips were placed diagonally over each other, and for better binding, were placed under a weight for a couple of days. The quality of papyrus paper is evident from the fact that they are still intact about 5000 years after they were written on.

Historical sources tell us that the ancient Egyptians were very secretive about the manufacturing technique of their papyrus. This was because papyrus was one of the main commodities that was exported by Egypt all over the region. Keeping its manufacturing process a secret enabled them to achieve monopoly in the market.

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Last weekend, six students from the Donoho School went on a fascinating trip back in time. These students accompanied Jacksonville State University professor William Bannister on a fossil hunt. The students, professor, and three graduate assistants headed to a valley near Cheaha Mountain. The valley was not previously known to have any fossils in it. However, two months ago, some campers in the valley stumbled upon some bones sticking out from the ground. When they brought them to the museum, they were told that the bones were those of a brontosaurus, a species of dinosaur.

Thanks to a generous grant from the Damke Foundation, the students were able to accompany the professor on his dig. They spent most of both Saturday and Sunday carefully digging in the area. 

     "We found a few bones," said Wendy Jacobs, a Donoho senior. "We're not sure which animal they're from, but the professor assured us they were from a dinosaur." 

     The students, all of whom intend to major in science at college, are looking forward to returning this coming weekend. "There's enough money in the grant for the next month, so we should get to return at least three more times." said Donoho student Philip Peters. 

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Family life is changing. Two-parent households are on the decline in the United States as divorce, remarriage and cohabitation are on the rise. And families are smaller now, both due to the growth of single-parent households and the drop in fertility. Not only are Americans having fewer children, but the circumstances surrounding parenthood have changed. While in the early 1960s babies typically arrived within a marriage, today fully four-in-ten births occur to women who are single or living with a non-marital partner. At the same time that family structures have transformed, so has the role of mothers in the workplace – and in the home. As more moms have entered the labor force, more have become breadwinners – in many cases, primary breadwinners – in their families.

As a result of these changes, there is no longer one dominant family form in the US. Parents today are raising their children against a backdrop of increasingly diverse and, for many, constantly evolving family forms.

Read the following passage and choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Most of the people (1) _________ like films are only interested in the leading actor or actress when they enjoy a film. It seems to them that only the actors or actresses have made the film successful. They always pay attention to their appearance, performance, and fashion. There are many films (2) _________ who have no awareness of the other people’s work to make a film. A finished film is, actually, the result of the collaboration of many people, and the most important among (3)_________ are the scriptwriter, the cinematographer, the film editor, the actor, and the director. Especially, in some thrilling scenes, the roles of stuntmen are very important. They are always in (4)_________ when they are acting; some of them are even badly hurt or dead. But what a pity, many viewers rarely appreciate their work.