1400 câu trắc nghiệm Đọc hiểu Tiếng Anh có đáp án - Phần 18
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10322 lượt thi
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50 câu hỏi
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60 phút
Danh sách câu hỏi
Câu 1:
The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality. After early beginnings using horseback and stagecoach, and although cars and trucks later replaced stagecoaches and wagons, the Railway Mail Service still stands as one of America’s most resourceful and exciting postal innovations. This service began in 1832, but grew slowly until the Civil War. Then from 1862, by sorting the mail on board moving trains, the Post Office Department was able to decentralize its operations as railroads began to crisscross the nation on a regular basis, and speed up mail delivery. This service lasted until 1974. During peak decades of service, railway mail clerks handled 93% of all non-local mail and by 1905 the service had over 12,000 employees. Railway Post Office trains used a system of mail cranes to exchange mail at stations without stopping. As a train approached the crane, a clerk prepared the catcher arm which would then snatch the incoming mailbag in the blink of an eye. The clerk then booted out the outgoing mailbag. Experienced clerks were considered the elite of the Postal Service’s employees, and spoke with pride of making the switch at night with nothing but the curves and feel of the track to warn them of an upcoming catch. They also worked under the greatest pressure and their jobs were considered to be exhausting and dangerous. In addition to regular demands of their jobs they could find themselves the victims of train wrecks and robberies. As successful as it was, “mail-on-the-fly” still had its share of glitches. If they hoisted the train’s catcher arm too soon, they risked hitting switch targets, telegraph poles or semaphores, which would rip the catcher arm off the train. Too late, and they would miss an exchange.
The public expects the following three services in handling and delivery of mail except ______.
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Đáp án B
Dẫn chứng ngay câu đầu tiên: “The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality” – (Việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư luôn là một công việc đòi hỏi tính nghiêm túc, được củng cố bởi lòng tin của công chúng trên yêu cầu về tính đúng hạn, tính an toàn và tính bảo mật)
⇒ Từ đó loại ra đáp án B không được đề cập tới
Dẫn chứng ngay câu đầu tiên: “The handling and delivery of mail has always been a serious business, underpinned by the trust of the public in requiring timeliness, safety, and confidentiality” – (Việc xử lí và chuyển phát thư luôn là một công việc đòi hỏi tính nghiêm túc, được củng cố bởi lòng tin của công chúng trên yêu cầu về tính đúng hạn, tính an toàn và tính bảo mật)
⇒ Từ đó loại ra đáp án B không được đề cập tới
Câu 2:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing. Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered. One example of such unexplained behavior: Honeybees communicate the sources of nectar to one another by doing a dance in a figure-eight pattern. The orientation of the dance conveys the position of the food relative to the sun's position in the sky, and the speed of the dance tells how far the food source is from the hive. Most researchers assume that the ability to perform and encode the dance is innate and shows no special intelligence. But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site, foraging honeybees began to anticipate where the food source would appear next. When the researchers arrived at the new location, they would find the bees circling the spot, waiting for their food. No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site. Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools. One researcher has found that mother chimpanzees occasionally show their young how to use tools to open hard nuts. In one study, chimpanzees compared two pairs of food wells containing chocolate chips. One pair might contain, say, five chips and three chips, the other our chips and three chips. Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu đề cập đến những quan sát mà từ đó cho thấy ý thức trong hành vi cảu động vật. Thông tin nằm ở:
“Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events,”
“Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all”
“Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu đề cập đến những quan sát mà từ đó cho thấy ý thức trong hành vi cảu động vật. Thông tin nằm ở:
“Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events,”
“Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all”
“Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.
Câu 3:
Which of the following is NOT discussed as an ability animals are thought to have?
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Đáp án A
Thông tin nằm ở: “Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group.”
Thông tin nằm ở: “Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group.”
Câu 4:
What did researchers discover in the study of honeybees discussed in paragraph 2?
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site”
Câu 5:
It can be inferred from the passage that brain size is assumed to ___________.
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site.”
Câu 6:
Why are otters and mussel shells included in the discussion in paragraph 3?
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Đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use.”
Câu 7:
The word “rudimentary” is closest in meaning to ___________.
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Đáp án B
Giải thích: rudimentary (adj) cơ bản = basic (adj) cơ bản, nền tảng
Giải thích: rudimentary (adj) cơ bản = basic (adj) cơ bản, nền tảng
Câu 8:
Scientists concluded from the experiment with chimpanzees and chocolate chips that chimpanzees __________.
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.”
Câu 9:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
In the very distant geological past, all animals were aquatic. The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fishtype ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land. As amphibians, they possessed limbs instead of fins and lungs instead of gills. But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs. Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals. They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts and high mountains, often far removed from the sea.
Of the animals with backbones, the first to appear were ______
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: “The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living.”
Giải thích: “The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water. These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living.”
Câu 10:
Fish are suited to underwater life because of their ______
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Đáp án B
Giải thích: “Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater.”
Giải thích: “Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater.”
Câu 11:
The passage suggests that the first amphibians used their limbs to……..
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, ....”
Giải thích: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, ....”
Câu 12:
The word “descendants” is closest in meaning to _____.
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: descendants (n) thế hệ sau, con cháu
Giải thích: descendants (n) thế hệ sau, con cháu
Câu 13:
An example of an amphibian’s incomplete adaptation to land life is…….
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Đáp án B
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs.”
Câu 14:
Animals found desert living possible only _____
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts ....”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish. With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts ....”
Câu 15:
The seashore was a barrier for descendants of fish-type because………
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fish-type ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land.”
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở: “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater. Descendants of fish-type ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land.”
Câu 16:
The adaptation process described in the article was completed……
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Đáp án C
Giải thích: Quá trình thích ứng hình thành qua thời gian dài và thông qua những biến đổi sinh học của cơ thể để thích ứng. Thông tin nằm ở: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals.” “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: ...”
Giải thích: Quá trình thích ứng hình thành qua thời gian dài và thông qua những biến đổi sinh học của cơ thể để thích ứng. Thông tin nằm ở: “Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals.” “These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living. Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: ...”
Câu 17:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Telecommuting is some form of computer communication between employees’ homes and offices. For employees whose job involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence. If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer and transmit the material to their employers. A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters. But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business Week published “The Portable Executive” as its cover story a few years ago. Why hasn’t telecommuting become more popular? Clearly, change simply takes time. But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part of many managers. These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicating the manager’s responsibilities. It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are reluctant to accept the opportunity. Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting. Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.
With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?
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Đáp án A
Đoạn văn nêu lên định nghĩa về làm việc từ xa, thuận lợi, bất lợi của làm việc từ xa ⇒ Chủ đề của đoạn văn là Tổng quan về làm việc từ xa.
Đoạn văn nêu lên định nghĩa về làm việc từ xa, thuận lợi, bất lợi của làm việc từ xa ⇒ Chủ đề của đoạn văn là Tổng quan về làm việc từ xa.
Câu 18:
How many Americans are involved in telecommuting?
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Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters.” (Một cuộc khảo sát gần đây ở USA Today ước tính có khoảng 8,7 triệu người làm việc từ xa.)
Thông tin ở câu: “A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters.” (Một cuộc khảo sát gần đây ở USA Today ước tính có khoảng 8,7 triệu người làm việc từ xa.)
Câu 19:
The phrase “of no consequence” means ________.
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Đáp án D
of no consequence : không quan trọng = unimportant
of no consequence : không quan trọng = unimportant
Câu 20:
The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuting EXCEPT ________.
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Đáp án B
Thông tin ở đoạn : “Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group...” (Hầu hết mọi người cảm thấy rằng họ cần sự tương tác thường xuyên với một nhóm...) ⇒ Đáp án C “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án A. những cơ hội để thăng chức được nhắc đến
“Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.” (Một số người cảm thấy rằng ngay cả khi một không gian trong nhà của họ được dành riêng như là một khu vực làm việc, họ vẫn không bao giờ thực sự rời khỏi văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án D. nơi làm việc là ở nhà được nhắc đến.
⇒ Chỉ có đáp án B không được nhắc đến như một mối quan tâm của làm việc từ xa.
Thông tin ở đoạn : “Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group...” (Hầu hết mọi người cảm thấy rằng họ cần sự tương tác thường xuyên với một nhóm...) ⇒ Đáp án C “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án A. những cơ hội để thăng chức được nhắc đến
“Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office.” (Một số người cảm thấy rằng ngay cả khi một không gian trong nhà của họ được dành riêng như là một khu vực làm việc, họ vẫn không bao giờ thực sự rời khỏi văn phòng.) ⇒ Đáp án D. nơi làm việc là ở nhà được nhắc đến.
⇒ Chỉ có đáp án B không được nhắc đến như một mối quan tâm của làm việc từ xa.
Câu 21:
The word “them” in the second paragraph refers to ________.
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Đáp án A
Thông tin ở câu: “These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicatin the manager’s responsibilities.” (Các giám đốc điều hành cho rằng giám sát những người làm việc từ xa trong một lực lượng lao động lớn rải rác khắp đất nước sẽ là quá khó khăn, hoặc, ít nhất, các hệ thống để quản lý họ chưa được phát triển, do đó khiến trách nhiệm của người quản lý trở nên phức tạp.)
Thông tin ở câu: “These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicatin the manager’s responsibilities.” (Các giám đốc điều hành cho rằng giám sát những người làm việc từ xa trong một lực lượng lao động lớn rải rác khắp đất nước sẽ là quá khó khăn, hoặc, ít nhất, các hệ thống để quản lý họ chưa được phát triển, do đó khiến trách nhiệm của người quản lý trở nên phức tạp.)
Câu 22:
The reason why telecommuting has not become popular is that the employees ________
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Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.)
Thông tin ở câu: “...many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting.” (...nhiều người lo ngại rằng họ sẽ không có sự cân nhắc tương tự cho việc thăng chức nếu họ không xuất hiện nhiều hơn trong bối cảnh văn phòng.)
Câu 23:
The word “reluctant” in line 13 can best be replaced by ________.
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Đáp án C
reluctant (adj): lưỡng lự ≈ hesitant (adj): do dự
reluctant (adj): lưỡng lự ≈ hesitant (adj): do dự
Câu 24:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
In my experience , freshmen today are different from those I knew when I started as a counselor and professor 25 years ago . College has always been demanding both academically and socially . But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college .
. It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies. But we can look even more broadly to the social trends of today. How many people do you know who are on medication to prevent anxiety or depression? The number of students who arrive at college already medicated for unwanted emotions has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. We, as a society, don’t want to “feel” anything unpleasant and we certainly don’t want our children to “suffer”. The resulting problem is that by not experiencing negative emotions, one does not learn the necessary skills to tolerate and negotiate adversity. As a psychologist, I am well aware of the fact that some individuals suffer from depression and anxiety and can benefit from treatment, but I question the growing number of medicated adolescents today. Our world is more stressful in general because of the current economic and political realities, but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years. What I do think is that many students are often not prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life. What does this mean for college faculty and staff? We are required to assist in the basic parenting of these students – the student who complains that the professor didn’t remind her of the due date for an assignment that was clearly listed on the syllabus and the student who cheats on an assignment in spite of careful instructions about plagiarism. As college professors, we have to explain what it means to be an independent college student before we can even begin to teach. As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges. To encourage them in this direction, we have to step back and let them fail and pick themselves up and move forward. This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood. According to the writer, students today are different from those she knew in that they are ____________.
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Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: "But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college." (Nhưng bây giờ sinh viên ít chín chắn hơn và thường không sẵn sàng để có trách nhiệm cho việc học đại học.)
Câu 25:
The word “handle” in parapgraph 2 mostly means ____________.
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Đáp án A
(to) handle: xử lí ≈ (to) deal with
(to) handle: xử lí ≈ (to) deal with
Câu 26:
According to the writer, students’ difficulties to cope with college life are partly due to ____________.
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Đáp án C
Thông tin ở câu: “It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies.” (Quá dễ để chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ, những người bao bọc con mình khỏi tất cả trở ngại của cuộc sống. Các bậc cha mẹ, những người xử lý mọi khó khăn và mọi trách nhiệm khác cho con của họ từ viết bài tiểu luận để nộp đến chọn các khóa học đại học, chắc chắn có thể đã góp phần làm cho trẻ thiếu các chiến lược đối phó với khó khăn.)
Câu 27:
Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
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Đáp án B
Thông tin ở câu: “...but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.” (... nhưng tôi không tin rằng ngày nay trải nghiệm ở trường đại học căng thẳng hơn 10 năm trước.) ⇒ Đáp án B sai.
Câu 28:
Students who are not well – prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life will need ______.
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Đáp án C
Thông tin ở câu: “As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges.” (Là cha mẹ và giáo viên, chúng ta nên mong đợi những người trẻ tuổi gặp phải những thách thức.)
Thông tin ở câu: “As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges.” (Là cha mẹ và giáo viên, chúng ta nên mong đợi những người trẻ tuổi gặp phải những thách thức.)
Câu 29:
According to the writer, failure in life and less support from parents will ______.
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Đáp án A
Thông tin ở câu: “This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.” (Cách tiếp cận này cần phải bắt đầu từ khi còn rất nhỏ để môi trường đại học có thể thực sự là một sự chuyển tiếp sang tuổi trưởng thành độc lập.)
Câu 30:
What is probably the writer’s attitude in the passage?
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Đáp án D
Trong bài viết này, tác giả chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ quá bảo bọc con mình, khiến chúng thiếu tinh thần độc lập và không thể tự giải quyết được những trở ngại trong cuộc sống.
Trong bài viết này, tác giả chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ quá bảo bọc con mình, khiến chúng thiếu tinh thần độc lập và không thể tự giải quyết được những trở ngại trong cuộc sống.
Câu 31:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading. The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. The mathematician finds the same pleasure in his mathematics as the school boy in an adventure story. For both, it is a play of the imagination, a mental recreation and exercise. The pleasure derived from this activity is common to all kinds of reading. But different types of books give us different types of pleasure. First in order of popularity is novel-reading. Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it. Here we seem to live a new life, and the experience of this new life gives us a thrill of pleasure. Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs. These tell us tales of places we have not seen and of great men in whom we are interested. Some of these books are as wonderful as novels, and they have an added value that they are true. Such books give us knowledge, and we also find immense pleasure in knowing details of lands we have not seen and of great men we have only heard of. Reading is one of the greatest enjoyments of life. To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book. And, the ordinary educated man who is interested and absorbed in his daily occupation wants to occasionally escape from his drudgery into the wonderland of books for recreation and refreshment.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
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Đáp án D
Thông tin: We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading.
Thông tin: We get great pleasure from reading. The more advanced a man is, the greater delight he will find in reading.
Câu 32:
According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true?
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Đáp án C
The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. Tạm dịch: Người bình thường có thể nghĩ rằng các chủ đề như triết học hoặc khoa học là khó khăn và với các triết gia và các nhà khoa học, đọc những sách này không phải là để vui. Nhưng điều này không đúng
The ordinary man may think that subjects like philosophy or science are very difficult and that if philosophers and scientists read these subjects, it is not for pleasure. But this is not true. Tạm dịch: Người bình thường có thể nghĩ rằng các chủ đề như triết học hoặc khoa học là khó khăn và với các triết gia và các nhà khoa học, đọc những sách này không phải là để vui. Nhưng điều này không đúng
Câu 33:
The word “derived” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
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Đáp án D
obtained: thu được, đạt được ⇒ derived = obtained
obtained: thu được, đạt được ⇒ derived = obtained
Câu 34:
The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
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Đáp án B
Thông tin: Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it.
Tạm dịch: Tiểu thuyết là những bức tranh của những người tưởng tượng trong những tình huống tưởng tượng, và cho chúng ta một cơ hội để thoát vào một thế giới mới giống như thế giới của chúng ta và những nơi khác thế giới của chúng ta.
Thông tin: Novels contain pictures of imaginary people in imaginary situations, and give us an opportunity of escaping into a new world very much like our world and yet different from it.
Tạm dịch: Tiểu thuyết là những bức tranh của những người tưởng tượng trong những tình huống tưởng tượng, và cho chúng ta một cơ hội để thoát vào một thế giới mới giống như thế giới của chúng ta và những nơi khác thế giới của chúng ta.
Câu 35:
The word “immense” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
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Đáp án A
Giải thích: immense: rộng lớn, rất tốt = great: tốt, tuyệt vời
Giải thích: immense: rộng lớn, rất tốt = great: tốt, tuyệt vời
Câu 36:
According to the passage, travel books, biographies and memoirs______.
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Đáp án C
Thông tin: First in order of popularity is novel-reading.... Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs.
Tạm dịch: Phổ biến nhất là đọc tiểu thuyết... Phổ biến tiếp theo là sách du lịch, tiểu sử và hồi ký.
Thông tin: First in order of popularity is novel-reading.... Next in order of popularity are travel books, biographies and memoirs.
Tạm dịch: Phổ biến nhất là đọc tiểu thuyết... Phổ biến tiếp theo là sách du lịch, tiểu sử và hồi ký.
Câu 37:
According to paragraph 4, which of the following is the most fascinating to booklovers?
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Đáp án D
Thông tin: To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book
Tạm dịch: Với người yêu sách, không có gì hấp dẫn hơn một cuốn sách yêu thích
Thông tin: To book-lovers, nothing is more fascinating than a favorite book
Tạm dịch: Với người yêu sách, không có gì hấp dẫn hơn một cuốn sách yêu thích
Câu 38:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop. Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moistskinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated. Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.
The author mentions all the following as examples of the behavior of desert animals EXCEPT ..........
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Đáp án D
Thông tin:
- Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth.
- So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground
Chỉ có đáp án D không chính xác
Thông tin:
- Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth.
- So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground
Chỉ có đáp án D không chính xác
Câu 39:
We can infer from the passage that ..........
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Đáp án B
Thông tin: Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology.
Thông tin: Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology.
Câu 40:
According to the passage, creatures in the desert ...........
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Đáp án A
Thông tin:
- Few large animals are found.
- Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest.
Thông tin:
- Few large animals are found.
- Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest.
Câu 41:
The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT ..........
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Đáp án A
Thông tin: No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat.
Thông tin: No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat.
Câu 42:
The word “them” means .......
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Đáp án A
Từ “them” chỉ các loài động vật sống ở sa mạc
Từ “them” chỉ các loài động vật sống ở sa mạc
Câu 43:
The word “emaciated” in the passage mostly means .......
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: "emaciate": gầy, không khoẻ mạnh
Giải thích: "emaciate": gầy, không khoẻ mạnh
Câu 44:
Man can hardly understand why many animals live their whole life in the desert, as .........
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Đáp án A
Thông tin: Since water is the basis of life […]And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
Thông tin: Since water is the basis of life […]And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
Câu 45:
The title for this passage could be .............
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Đáp án C
Giải thích: Tiêu đề cho đoạn này có thể là
A. "Cuộc sống của con người trong môi trường sa mạc"
B. “Thực vật ở sa mạc”
C. "Cuộc sống của động vật trong môi trường sa mạc"
D. "Cuộc sống dưới lòng đất"
Giải thích: Tiêu đề cho đoạn này có thể là
A. "Cuộc sống của con người trong môi trường sa mạc"
B. “Thực vật ở sa mạc”
C. "Cuộc sống của động vật trong môi trường sa mạc"
D. "Cuộc sống dưới lòng đất"
Câu 46:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors . It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school , but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom , and people continue to learn throughout their lives .
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom . They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished . They learn social skills for interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job. Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors. Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences.
There are many forms of learning, ranging from simple to complex. Simple forms of learning involve a single stimulus. A stimulus is anything perceptible to the senses, such as a sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste. In a form of learning known as classical conditioning, people learn to associate two stimuli that occur in sequence, such as lightning followed by thunder. In operant conditioning, people learn by forming an association between a behavior and its consequences (reward or punishment). People and animals can also learn by observation - that is, by watching others perform behaviors. More complex forms of learning include learning languages, concepts, and motor skills.
Getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job are mentioned in paragraph 2 as examples of ______.
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Đáp án C
Thông tin: After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Câu 47:
According to the passage, which of the following is learning in broad view comprised of?
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Đáp án D
Thông tin: Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors.
Câu 48:
According to the passage, what are children NOT usually taught outside the classroom?
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Đáp án A
Thông tin: When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.
Thông tin: When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics.
Câu 49:
The passage mainly discusses ______.
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Đáp án D
Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận ______.
A. các ví dụ thực tế của việc học bên trong lớp học
B. các hình thức học đơn giản
C. áp dụng nguyên tắc học tập vào giáo dục chính quy
D. các nguyên tắc chung về học tập
Câu 50:
It can be inferred from the passage that social workers, employers, and politicians concern themselves with the study of learning because they need to ______.
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Đáp án C
Thông tin: Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human- service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.