Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.

Dear Ana,

a. It's a religious holiday and we value it very much. Do you have a similar festival in your country?

b. In India, we have a tradition called Diwali. It's in October or November. We celebrate the value of good over evil and light over darkness.

c. Then, we give presents and eat special food. We also light candles and fireworks.

d. To prepare for this, first, we clean our houses and wear new clothes.

e. Thanks for your email. I'd love to tell you about a festival in my country.

Best,

Rahul

a. For example, Al can understand what you say, learn to recognise your voice and help you find information on the internet.

b. It saves time and helps them do things better.

c. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that allows computers to do things that would normally need human intelligence.

d. Al is also used in many different applications, from self-driving cars and robots to online shopping and banking.

e. Many people use Al every day.

a. The biggest one is that it can give you a headache, make it hard to concentrate and even damage your hearing.

b. Noise pollution can cause many problems.

c. Some studies have shown that people who don't get enough sleep are more likely to have accidents, become ill and do badly at school or work.

d. If you live in a very noisy area, it can also affect the quality of sleep.

e. For these reasons, it is necessary that noise pollution be minimised as soon as possible.

a. Our world is changing around us in such a frantic pace that if we do not continue to grow and develop, we will soon be left behind.

b. Of course, we all have a natural desire to learn for adapting to change, enriching and fulfilling our lives.

c. We need to continually keep our skills sharp and up-to-date so that we have an edge in all we do.

d. For all these, it is obvious that there are so many advantages which follow lifelong learning.

e. In the 21^st century, we all need to be lifelong learners.

a. By making these small changes in our daily lives, we can all play a part in protecting the environment and ensuring a better future for everyone.

b. Besides clean air, it's also essential to keep our water clean by avoiding littering and properly disposing of waste.

c. One simple way to contribute is reducing waste and recycling items like paper, plastic, and glass.

d. Planting trees is another helpful step because they absorb harmful carbon dioxide and provide us with clean air.

e. Taking care of the environment is crucial for the health of our planet.

a. Poaching and illegal wildlife trade also put them in danger.

b. These endangered species are at risk due to threats like habitat loss from deforestation or development.

c. Around the world, animals and plants are facing extinction.

d. By raising awareness and taking action, we can help ensure a future where these amazing creatures don't vanish and the ecosystems are kept healthy.

e. The loss of a species can disrupt entire ecosystems, impacting everything from our food supply to the air we breathe.

a. We can slow this warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy sources and sustainable practices.

b. As a consequence, extreme weather events like heat waves, droughts, and floods become more common.

c. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide trap heat from the sun, causing the planet to warm.

d. This warming disrupts weather patterns, melts glaciers, and raises sea levels.

e. Action is crucial to safeguard our planet for future generations.

a. But the gap isn't all negative!

b. By bridging the gap with open communication and mutual respect, families and societies can thrive.

c. The generation gap refers to the difference in attitudes and values between generations.

d. It can cause tension over things like technology, social issues, or even fashion.

e. Generations can learn from each other.

a. Designed for a few minutes of use, they often end up in landfills or pollute our oceans.

b. Single-use plastics, like shopping bags, straws, and disposable cutlery, are a growing environmental concern.

c. To tackle this issue, many places are banning single-use plastics or encouraging reusable alternatives.

d. By carrying reusable bags, using paper straws, and choosing durable cutlery, we can all play a part in reducing plastic pollution and protecting our planet.

e. These plastics break down into microplastics, harming wildlife and entering the food chain.

Dear Principal,

a. I hope that we can work together to make positive changes for the benefit of all the students at our school.

b. I would like to suggest a few changes that I believe would improve the quality of the school lunches.

c. I also have some concerns about the nutritional value of the meals. It seems that many of the dishes are high in fat and sugar, and there are not enough fruits and vegetables available.

d. I am writing to express my concern about the quality of the food in the school cafeteria.

Sincerely,

Claudia Wilson

a. Additionally, homeschooling offers families greater flexibility in scheduling. They can adjust the daily routine to accommodate extracurricular activities, family trips, or other commitments, providing a more balanced and enriched educational experience.

b. Homeschooling, which involves parents educating their children at home instead of sending them to a traditional school, has become increasingly popular for various reasons.

c. Despite these benefits, critics of homeschooling raise concerns about socialisation and standardised academic benchmarks.

d. One major advantage is the ability to tailor education to each child's unique needs, interests, and learning styles.

a. To fix it, we need stricter rules for industries and farms, better ways to treat dirty water, and more people understanding why clean water is important.

b. But even with efforts, water pollution is still a big problem worldwide, so we all need to work together to keep our water clean.

c. This pollution harms plants and animals in the water and can make people sick if they drink it or swim in it.

d. Water pollution happens when harmful stuff gets into lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. It comes from things like factories, farms, and cities dumping waste into the water.

a. Overall, uniforms play a multifaceted role in promoting a conducive learning environment and nurturing a sense of unity and pride among students.

b. Moreover, they simplify the morning routine for students and parents alike, eliminating the stress of deciding what to wear each day.

c. Additionally, uniforms contribute to a positive learning environment by reducing distractions and peer pressure related to fashion choices.

d. Wearing uniforms at school serves multiple purposes, fostering a sense of belonging and unity among students while also minimising socioeconomic differences. Firstly, uniforms promote a sense of equality among students, as everyone dresses in the same attire regardless of their background or financial status.

Dear Mr/Madam,

a. Could you please provide details on the course curriculum, duration, instructor qualifications, assessment methods, technical requirements, and tuition fees?

b. Please feel free to reach out to me if you require any further clarification or if there are specific procedures I should follow to proceed with enrolment.

c. Thank you for your time and assistance. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

d. I hope this email finds you well. I'm interested in your institution's English online course and would like more information before enroling.

Best regards,

Michael Brown

a. There will be no traffic lights or road signs because cars will talk to each other and work together to find the best options to travel to destinations.

b. Finally, people will not have to park their cars which are able to locate and go to a parking lot on their own.

c. Instead, they can use an app on their smartphone to order a car whenever they need one.

d. Also, people will not need to buy a car at a store.

e. In the future, most cars will be electric and drive themselves.

a. They eat a lot of fruit and vegetables, do regular exercise, don't smoke and drink only in moderation.

b. Finally, people who live to 100 often have a close family, too.

c. It is clear that people who live the longest are health-conscious.

d. Therefore, there's no secret - it's just a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude to life.

e. They also tend to be happy and have a good sense of humour.

a. On the contrary, most scientists agree that it is real and that we need to do something about it.

b. They say it is just a natural part of the Earth's climate.

c. However, some people think that global warming is not real.

d. Global warming is causing a lot of problems for the world.

e. The temperature of the Earth is slowly getting hotter, and this is causing the ice at the North Pole to melt.

a. They usually have a smartphone and use it to chat with friends, post photos and videos, and play games.

b. Some parents think that using the internet too much like that is bad for teenagers.

c. Teenagers today spend a lot of time online.

d. However, others think it is just a normal part of life in the 21st century.

e. They also use social media sites like Instagram and Snapchat or watch TV shows and movies on streaming services such as Netflix and Hulu.

a. The beach rescue team consists of many members who are always ready to help people in need.

b. For example, lifeguards swim out to save people in the water.

c. These lifesavers can do a lot of useful things, and they have different jobs.

d. The first aiders look after injured people on the beach, and the pilots fly the helicopters to look for those getting lost in the sea.

e. Without the rescue team, people will not feel safe when going to the beach anymore.

a. And if you're not driving, you can use your travel time to read or catch up on emails or relax and listen to music.

b. Being a commuter has its advantages.

c. For one, you don't have to live in the city where you work.

d. That means you can enjoy the peace and quiet of the countryside or the charm of a small town while still having access to all the opportunities that the city offers.

e. You also get to spend time in the fresh air every day, whether you walk or cycle or take public transport.

Hey Sophie,

a. They have a new baby elephant, and it's the cutest thing ever!

b. The guide said they're trying to raise money for a new lion enclosure.

c. You won't believe what I saw at the wildlife conservation today!

d. We also got to see the lions being fed, and it was pretty intense.

e. It was playing with its mom in the water - so adorable.

We should totally go back there together sometime. I think you'd love it!

Talk soon,

Emma

Living a green lifestyle is all about making choices that are good for the environment.

a. Finally, try to reduce, reuse, and recycle as much as possible. This will help cut down on waste and keep our planet clean.

b. Turn off lights and unplug electronics when they're not in use.

c. You can start by reducing your carbon footprint, or the amount of carbon dioxide you produce.

d. Another way to go green is by conserving energy in your home.

e. This can be done by walking, riding a bike, or taking public transportation instead of driving.

a. Then, during the Industrial Revolution, the invention of the printing press made it possible to produce books and magazines quickly and cheaply.

b. The development of mass media has been driven by technology.

c. Today, the internet has revolutionised mass media, allowing people to access news and entertainment instantly from anywhere in the world.

d. In the 20^th century, radio and television became popular forms of mass media.

e. The first form of mass media was the newspaper, which was invented in ancient Rome.

Hey Laura,

a. It's like having your own personal language teacher!

b. The lessons are really interactive and there are lots of fun exercises to help you remember the vocabulary.

c. Just a quick note to tell you about this new language software I've been using. It's called LinguaLearn and it's awesome!

d. I've been using it for Spanish and my skills have improved so much. You should definitely check it out!

e. Plus, you can practice speaking with the virtual tutor.

Talk soon,

Sara

a. Independence means making your own choices; for example, deciding what career path to pursue.

b. As you grow, you'll find that becoming independent is a vital part of life.

c. Managing your finances wisely is also a key aspect of independence.

d. Moreover, learning to cook, clean, and take care of yourself are all steps towards self-sufficiency.

e. Consequently, when you start making decisions, you begin to understand the value of independence.

a. This phase, however, is often temporary as students begin to adapt and appreciate the diversity around them.

b. Initially, the new environment may seem overwhelming, with unfamiliar customs and language barriers.

c. In a nutshell, conquering culture shock sparks personal growth and global awareness, turning trials into enlightening resilience paths.

d. Culture shock can be a disorienting experience for students studying abroad.

e. Feelings of homesickness and isolation are common as one navigates through the nuances of a different societal landscape.

a. Educating students on these issues is vital for fostering an environmentally conscious generation.

b. It starts with overuse and careless disposal of plastics, which often end up in oceans and landscapes, disrupting ecosystems.

c. Plastic pollution poses a severe threat to our environment.

d. To combat this, we must adopt sustainable practices like reducing plastic consumption, recycling, and proper waste management.

e. These materials, largely non-biodegradable, can persist for hundreds of years, slowly releasing toxins and micro plastics that affect both wildlife and human health.

a. Sustainability is a collective journey, and by choosing locally sourced foods, we support our community and reduce our carbon footprint.

b. Every choice we make can contribute to a greener, more sustainable world.

c. Remember that conserving energy is as simple as turning off lights and unplugging electronics when they're not in use.

d. Let's take pride in our actions, whether it's recycling, reusing, or reducing our waste.

e. Together, we can inspire change and become champions of green living on our campus and beyond.

a. Understanding between generations fosters respect and bridges the gap that often separates us.

b. The generation gap is a reality that affects all aspects of society, including our own families and communities.

c. By embracing both traditional values and modern perspectives, we can find common ground.

d. Let's initiate conversations that allow us to appreciate the wisdom of the old and the innovations of the young.

e. It's crucial that we communicate effectively across age groups to learn from each other and grow together.

a. For example, they go jogging every day at the same time, play tennis two or three times a week, or swim every Thursday.

b. In fact, Americans often schedule their recreation as if they were scheduling business appointments.

c. However, for many Americans, their recreational activities are relaxing and enjoyable, or at least worthwhile, because they contribute to health and physical fitness.

d. Many visitors to the United States think that Americans take their exercise and free time activities too seriously.

e. Foreigners often think that this kind of recreation sounds more like work than relaxation.

a. Additionally, school offers opportunities for personal growth, the development of critical thinking skills, and the exploration of varied interests and talents.

b. It also helps teenagers to build friendships and social connections, which are important for their emotional well-being and personal development.

c. Firstly, it provides them with a structured environment in which they can learn and develop important academic and social skills.

d. School is important for teenagers for several reasons.

e. Those skills are crucial for preparing teenagers for future employment and higher education.

a. Educational tools, online courses, and communication platforms for networking and learning can help them become more independent.

b. On the other hand, excessive use of technology, particularly social media and entertainment, can lead to dependency and reduced face-to-face social interactions, which may impact teenagers' independence and social skills.

c. Technology has had both positive and negative effects on teenagers' independence.

d. It's important to recognise the balance and encourage healthy and responsible use of technology to support teenagers' independence while mitigating potential negative effects.

e. On the one hand, technology has provided teenagers with access to information and resources.

Dear Mr Johnson,

a. Please send this out in the same shipment as the correct mounting bracket.

b. Upon unpacking the equipment, we found the width of the mounting brackets to be almost 8 inches longer than we had noted in our design specifications.

c. Furthermore, the unit was sent without an instruction manual for the main control unit.

d. I am writing to complain about the large diesel generator that we received from you.

e. These will have to be replaced immediately as the generator must be installed by the end of the week.

Yours sincerely,

Thomas Hardings

a. Finally, sharing housework can also help families work better and reduce family stress.

b. Firstly, doing chores helps children learn about what they need to do to care for themselves, a home and a family.

c. When children help out, chores get done sooner, and parents have less to do and this frees up time for the family to do fun things together.

d. Secondly, being involved in chores also gives children experience of relationship skills like communicating clearly, negotiating, cooperating and working as a team.

e. Children can learn a lot from doing household chores.