Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s):

I prefer reading fictional stories to hearing about real events.

The _______ music for the film has been taken from the works of Chopins.

Last night, we ____ for you for ages but you never ____ up.

Ancient civilizations were not aware that the earth ______ a sphere.

Little he knows (A) about (B) the surprise that (C) awaited (D) him when he arrived there.

He did not particularly want to ______ any competitive sport.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Most human diets contain between 10 and 15 percent of their total calories as protein. The rest of the dietary energy comes from carbohydrates, fats, and in some people, alcohol. The proportion of calories from fats varies from 10 percent in poor communities to 40 percent or more in rich communities.

In addition to providing energy, fats have several other functions in the body. The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fats, as their name implies. Good sources of these vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissues. In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten. Fats add variety, taste, and texture to foods, which accounts for the popularity of fried foods. Fatty deposits in the body have an insulating and protective value. The curves of the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits.

Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known. When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids. They also are required by a number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans.

This passage probably appeared in which of the following?

The phrase “stored” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

The word “essential to” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to

The phrase “these abnormalities” in the third paragraph refers to_______.

That humans should all have some fat our diet is, according to the author, ______

What he said took me completely ______ surprise.

All __________ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. (trùng Vietjack)

They were walking on tiptoe _______ the Director's room.

CROCODILE FARMS

When Andy Johnson set up Britain’s first ever crocodile farm in 2006, he (1)_____ under fierce criticism from animal rights groups, opposed to the factory farming of wildlife. However, Johnson, who also farms cattle, pigs and lambs, (2)_____ that his motivation for starting a crocodile farm was for (3)_____ environmental reasons. He wants to protect wild crocodiles from being poached, and he is primarily interested in their meat, not their skins. ‘By supplying Europeans with home-produced crocodile, we can (4)_____ the market value of illegally supplied crocodile meat,’ he claims.

Johnson says the meat ‘has a mild flavour – it’s low fat, high protein, very healthy and humanely produced’. His crocodiles are housed in a tropically heated room that (5)_____ around 20 by 30 metres, so they have plenty of room. However, Dr Clifford Warwick, a reptile biologist, (6)_____ concern: ‘Their biology and behaviour do not (7)_____ themselves to a captive life. The animals may seem peaceful and relaxed, but an animal behaviourist can see that they are stressed.’

In the last century, many species of crocodiles were hunted to the (8)_____ of extinction as trade in their skins flourished. Some 300,000 Australian saltwater crocodiles were killed between 1945 and 1972. The alligator suffered a similar (9)_____, although both species are now protected and their (10)_____ are slowly rising. Worldwide, the legal trade in crocodilian skins (crocodiles, alligators and caymans) has roughly tripled since 1977, risking to a million or (11)_____ animals by 2002. The majority of these are farmed animals, but upwards of 90,000 are killed annually in the (15)_____.

‘By supplying Europeans with home-produced crocodile, we can (4)_____ the market value of illegally supplied crocodile meat,’ he claims.

The majority of these are farmed animals, but upwards of 90,000 are killed annually in the (15)_____.

Human memory (A), formerly was believed (B) to be rather inefficient, (C) is really much more sophisticated than that of a (D) computer.

My car broke down yesterday, so I ____ catch a taxi to the office.

There is a(n) _______ basin.

Reagan ______ an actor 3 years ago.

The film started with the heroine's death so most of it was shot in _______.

I could hear someone crying in the next room.

=> Someone ____________________________.

For the first few minutes she was leading the race, then she began to fall ______.

The cinema was almost empty. There were ______ people there.

In Death Valley, California, one of the hottest, most arid places in North America, there is much salt, and salt can damage rocks impressively. Inhabitants of areas elsewhere, where streets and highways are salted to control ice, are familiar with the resulting rust and deterioration on cars. That attests to the chemically corrosive nature of salt, but it is not the way salt destroys rocks. Salt breaks rocks apart principally by a process called crystal prying and wedging. This happens not by soaking the rocks in salt water, but by moistening their bottoms with salt water. Such conditions exist in many areas along the eastern edge of central Death Valley. There, salty water rises from the groundwater table by capillary action through tiny spaces in sediment until it reaches the surface.

Most stones have capillary passages that suck salt water from the wet ground. Death Valley provides an ultra-dry atmosphere and high daily temperatures, which promote evaporation and the formation of salt crystals along the cracks or other openings within stones. These crystals grow as long as salt water is available. Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains. Besides crystal growth, the expansion of halite crystals (the same as everyday table salt) by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration can contribute additional stresses. A rock durable enough to have withstood natural condition for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.

The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice. Weathering by a variety of salts, though often subtle, is a worldwide phenomenon. Not restricted to arid regions, intense salt weathering occurs mostly in salt-rich places like the seashore, near the large saline lakes in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica, and in desert sections of Australia, New Zealand, and central Asia.

What is the passage mainly about?

The word "it" in line 9 refers to

The word "exert" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

In lines 13-17, why does the author compare tree roots with growing salt crystals?

In lines 17-18, the author mentions the "expansion of halite crystals...by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration" in order to

The word "durable" in line 19 is closest in meaning to

The word "shattered" in line 20 is closest in meaning to

The word "dominant" in line 22 is closest in meaning to

According to the passage, which of the following is true about the effects of salts on rocks?

"Relax", said Harry. "We're _______ the worst".

However good Schoenberg _____ have been, I still find his modem music very difficult to appreciate.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Ranked as the number one beverage consumed worldwide, tea takes the lead over coffee in both popularity and production with more than 5 million metric tons of tea produced annually. Although much of this tea is consumed in Asian, European, and African countries, the United States drinks its fair share. According to estimates by the Tea Council of the United States, tea is enjoyed by no less than half of the U.S. population on any given day. Black tea or green tea – iced, spiced, or instant – tea drinking has spurred a billion-dollar business with major tea producers in Africa and South America and throughout Asia.

Tea is made from the leaves of an evergreen plant, Camellia sinensis, which grows tall and lush in tropical regions. On tea plantation, the plant is kept trimmed to approximately four feet high and as new buds called flush appear, they are plucked off by hand. Even in today’s world of modern agricultural machinery, hand harvesting continues to be the preferred method. Ideally, only the top two leaves and a bud should be picked. This new growth produces the highest quality tea.

After being harvested, tea leaves are laid out on long drying racks, called withering racks, for 18 to 20 hours. During this process, the tea softens and becomes limp. Next, depending on the type of tea being produced, the leaves may be crushed or chopped to release flavor, and then fermented under controlled conditions of heat and humidity. For green tea, the whole leaves are often steamed to retain their green color, and the fermentation process is skipped. Producing black teas requires fermentation during which the tea leaves begin to darken. After fermentation, black tea is dried in vats to produce its rich brown or black color.

No one knows when or how tea became popular, but legend has it that tea as a beverage was discovered in 2737 B.C. by Emperor Shen Nung of China when leaves from a Camellia dropped into his drinking water as it was boiling over a fire. As the story goes, Emperor Shen Nung drank the resulting liquid and proclaimed the drink to be most nourishing and refreshing. Though this account cannot be documented, it is thought that tea drinking probably originated in China and spread to other parts of Asia, then to Europe, and ultimately to America colonies around 1650.

With about half the caffeine content as coffee, tea is often chosen by those who want to reduce, but not necessarily eliminate their caffeine intake. Some people find that tea is less acidic than coffee and therefore easier on the stomach. Others have become interested in tea drinking since the National Cancer Institute published its findings on the antioxidant properties of tea. But whether tea is enjoyed for its perceived health benefits, its flavor, or as a social drink, teacups continue to be filled daily with the world’s most popular beverage.

Based on the passage, what is implied about tea harvesting?

What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 of the passage refer to?

The word “eliminate” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by which of the following word?

According to the passage, which may be the reason why someone would choose to drink tea instead of coffee?

What best describes the topic of this passage?

Would you marry him if he ______ you?

We were _______ by the officers' decision to divert the whole traffic from the main route.

Thomas Cook

Thomas Cook could be 0 SAID to have invented the global tourist industry. He was born in England in 1808 and became a cabinetmaker. Then he (1) _________ on the idea of using the newly-invented railways for pleasure trips and by the summer of 1845, he was organising commercial trips. The first was to Liverpool and featured a 60-page handbook for the journey, the (2) _________ of the modern holiday brochure.

The Paris Exhibition of 1855 (3) __________ him to create his first great tour, taking in France, Belgium and Germany. This also included a remarkable (4) _________ — Cook’s first cruise, an extraordinary journey along the Rhine. The expertise he had gained from this (5) _________ him in good stead when it came to organising a fantastic journey along the Nile in 1869. Few civilians had so much as set foot in Egypt, let (6) _________ travelled along this waterway through history and the remains of a vanished civilisation (7) _________ back thousands of years. Then, in 1872, Cook organised the first conducted world tour and the (8) _________ of travel has not been the same since.

The first was to Liverpool and featured a 60-page handbook for the journey, the (2) _________ of the modern holiday brochure.

Then, in 1872, Cook organised the first conducted world tour and the (8) _________ of travel has not been the same since.

Within a few weeks all this present trouble will have blown ______.

Read this article, then choose the only alternative that is correct from A-D to fill each numbered gap.

THE BEGINNINGS OF FLIGHT

The story of man’s mastery of the air is almost as old as man himself, a puzzle in which the essential clues were not found until a very late stage. However, to __________ (36) this we must first go back to the time when primitive man __________ (37) his food, and only birds and insects flew. We cannot know with any certainty when man first deliberately shaped weapons for throwing, but that __________ (38) of conscious design marked the first step on a road that __________ (39) from the spear and the arrow to the airplane and the giant rocket of present __________ (40). It would seem, in fact, that this __________ (41) to throw things is one of the most primitive and deep-seated of our instincts, __________ (42) in childhood and persisting into old age. The more mature ambition to throw things swiftly and accurately, which is the origin of most outdoor games, probably has its roots in the ages when the possession of a __________ (43) weapon and the ability to throw it with force and accuracy __________ (44) the difference between eating and starving.

the ability to throw it with force and accuracy __________ (44) the difference between eating and starving.

I never get a ______ of sleep after watching a horror film.

Linguistics _______ out the ways in which languages work.

The dancing club _____ north of the city. (trùng Vietjack)

He advised me to take an English course. I _____ take it early.

After several injuries and failures, things have eventually ______ for Todd when he reached the final round of the tournament.

I'm going to stay at university and try to ______ off getting a job for a few years!

It has been known for the last two centuries that lightning was a form of electricity.

The MP asked ______ the Prime Minister aware of the growing social problem.

A: ''How about a biscuit?'' - B : ______. I am on a diet.

It is better to try to work _____ rather than against Nature.

Data generated by the Johns Hopkins researchers revealed that, once converted into full-time- equivalent workers, volunteers account on average ____ 45 percent of the nonprofit workforce in the 36 countries.

I must get to bed early tonight; I sat up till the _________ hours to finish that report.

Einstein a great impact on model physics.=

If it warm _______ yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.

_____ it rain tomorrow, we will put off the visit to the Marble Mountains.

I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her.

Jane _____ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.

We _____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.

Viewed from the outside (1) ________, the Houses of Parliament look impressive. The architecture gives the place a traditional look, and the buildings are sandwiched between a busy square and the river, making them a (2) ________between the country house of an eccentric duke and a Victorian railway station. You have only to learn that the members (3) ______ to each other as ‘The Honorable Member to (4) ______ the picture of a dignified gentlemen’s club, with of course a few ladies to (5) _______ the numbers. Sadly, over the past few years first radio, and now television, have shown the general public, who are (6) ______ the electorate, what in fact goes on when bills are discussed and questions are asked. The first obvious fact is that the chamber is very rarely full, and there may be only a handful of members present, some of whom are quite clearly asleep, telling jokes to their neighbor, or shouting like badly-behaved schoolchildren. There is not enough room for them all in the chamber in any (7) _______, which is a second worrying point. Of course, television does not follow the work of committees, which are the small discussions groups that do most of the real work of the House. But the (8) ______ impression that voters receive of the workings of government is not a good one. To put it (9) _______, parliament looks disorganized, is clearly behind the time and seems to be filled with bores and comedians. This is presumably why members (10) _______ for so long the efforts of the BBC to broadcast parliamentary matters on television.

This is presumably why members (10) _______ for so long the efforts of the BBC to broadcast parliamentary matters on television.

The teacher let us go home early last week.

Some of the passengers spoke to reporters about their _____ in the burning plane.

Read the passage and mark A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In the early 1800’s, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged in agriculture. Sophisticated technology and machinery were virtually nonexistent. People who lived in the cities and were not directly involved in trade often participated in small cottage industries making handcrafted goods. Others cured meats, silversmiths, candle or otherwise produced needed goods and commodities. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family.Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the United States society than the rise of industrialization. Industrial growth hinged on several economic factors. First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources, especially coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber-all readily available on the North American continent. Second, factories demand a large labor supply. Between the 1870’s and the First World War (1914-1918), approximately 23 million immigrants streamed to the United States, settled in cities, and went to work in factories and mines. They also helped build the vast network of canals and railroads that crisscrossed the continent and linked important trade centers essential to industrial growth.Factories also offered a reprieve from the backbreaking work and financial unpredictability associated with farming. Many adults, poor and disillusioned with farm life, were lured to the cities by promises of steady employment, regular paychecks, increased access to goods and services, and expanded social opportunities. Others were pushed there when new technologies made their labor cheap or expendable; inventions such as steel plows and mechanized harvesters allowed one farmhand to perform work that previously had required several, thus making farming capital-intensive rather than labor-intensive. The United States economy underwent a massive transition and the nature of work was permanently altered. Whereas cottage industries relied on a few highly skilled craft workers who slowly and carefully converted raw materials into finished products from start to finish, factories relied on specialization. While factory work was less creative and more monotonous, it was also more efficient and allowed mass production of goods at less expense.

The word “expendable” is closest in meaning to _______.

The word “Others” in paragraph 3 refers to __________.

What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

Which of the following statements woud the author most probably support?

The actor was so nervous that he could only remember small ____ of dialogue.

____ Gordons is a very interesting family. They like to travel around ____ world.

It seems that ___ my uncle travels abroad he forgets to take something he needs.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which derive their name from the Japanese expression for “high water in a harbor”. These waves are also referred to by the general public as tidal waves, although they have relatively little to do with tides. Scientists often refer to them as seismic sea waves, far more appropriate in the result they do from undersea seismic activity.Tsunamis are caused when the sea bottom suddenly moves. during an underwater earthquake or volcano, for example, and the water above the moving earth is suddenly displaced. This sudden shift of water sets off a series of waves. These waves can travel great distances at speeds close to 700 kilometers per hour. In the open ocean, tsunamis have little noticeable amplitude, often no more than one or two meters. It is when they hit the shallow water near the coast that they increase in height, possibly up to 40 meters.Tsunamis often occur in the Pacific because the Pacific is an area of heavy seismic activity. Two areas of the Pacific well accustomed to the threat of tsunamis are Japan and Hawaii. Because the seismic activity that causes tsunamis in Japan often occurs on the ocean bottom quite close to the islands, the tsunamis that hit Japan often come with little warning and can, therefore, prove disastrous. Most of the tsunamis that hit the Hawaii Islands, however, originate thousands of miles away near the coast of Alaska, so these tsunamis have a much greater distance to travel and the inhabitants of Hawaii generally have time for warning of their imminent arrival.Tsunamis are certainly not limited to Japan and Hawaii. ln 1755, Europe experienced a calamitous tsunami, when movement near the Azores caused a massive tsunami to sweep onto the Portuguese coast and flood the heavily populated area around Lisbon. The greatest tsunami on record occurred on the other side of the world in 1883 when the Krakatoa volcano underwent a massive explosion, sending waves more than 30 meters high onto nearby Indonesian islands; the tsunami from this volcano actually traveled around the world and was witnessed as far away as the English Channel.

The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discusses .

The word “displaced” in line 6 is closet in meaning to

It can be inferred from the passage that tsunamis .

In line 9, water that is “shallow” is NOT

A main difference between tsunamis in Japan and in Hawaii is that tsunamis in Japan are more likely to

The possessive “their” in line 15 refers to

The passage suggests that the tsunamis resulting from the Krakatoa volcano      

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks

It can take a long time to become successful in your chosen field, no matter how talented you are. One thing you have to be aware of is that you will face criticism along the way. The world is full of people who would rather say something negative than positive. If you’ve made up your (1) ______ to achieve a certain goal, such as writing a novel, don’t let the negative criticism of others (2) ______ you from reaching your target, and let the constructive criticism have a positive (3) ______ on your work. If someone says you’re totally in the lack of talent, ignore them. That’s negative criticism. If, (4) _____, someone advises you to revise your work and gives you a good reason for doing so, you should consider their suggestions carefully. There are many film stars who were once out of work. There are many famous novelists (5) _____ made a complete mess of their first novel – or who didn’t, but had to keep on approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it published. Being successful does depend on luck, to a certain extent. But things are more likely to turn out well if you persevere and stay positive.

She took up so many hobbies when she retired that she had hardly any time ____.

Lately, I ____ about changing my career because I ____ dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)

Stop being mean to everyone or you'll have no friends.

Teachers and parents should communicate with each other to protect the children ____ bullying.

Could you close the window? There is a bit of a _____.

Rewite the following sentences that keep the same meaning

We overheard them say that they didn't really like the food. => They were ______.

He claimed ________ from military service as he was a foreign national.

After the concert, everyone had to ____ through the thick snow.

We are prepared to overlook the error on this occasion _____ your previous good work.

Oil ____ if you pour it on water.

Find the mistake and correct

Hary’s advisor persuade his talking several courses which did not involve much knowledge of mathematics.

Only the … of the building is going to be remodeled.

There are many ways________to Rom.

I reckon Martin is ……… of a nervous breakdown.

He left the meeting early on the unlikely … that he had a sick friend to visit.

Find the mistake and correct

John is having a clown birthday party. The clown is appearing. He always loves watching the clown. He is looking happy.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The ocean bottom – a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth – is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space. Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP).Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.   

The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger’s core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundred of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.    

The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world’s past climates. Deep-ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change – information that may be used to predict future climates.

The author refers to the ocean bottom as a “frontier” in line 2 because it

The word “inaccessible” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

The author mentions outer space in line 6 because

Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?

The word “extracting” in line 11 is closest in meaning to