Thứ sáu, 29/03/2024
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Đọc hiểu nâng cao

Đọc hiểu nâng cao

  • 463 lượt thi

  • 10 câu hỏi

  • 30 phút

Danh sách câu hỏi

Câu 1:

The popular view of towns and cities in developing countries and of urbanization process is that despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc. But what is the reality? Given the unprecedented increase in urban population over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries, the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.

In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport. By way of illustration, a large number of urban residents have been provided with improved water in urban areas in Asia’s largest countries such as China, India, Indonesia and the Philippines. Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services. These countries have made significant progress in the provision of sanitation services too, together, providing for an additional population of more than 293 million citizens within a decade (1990-2000). These improvements must be viewed against the backdrop of the rapidly increasing urban population, fiscal crunch and strained human resources and efficient and quality-oriented public management.

The popular view about the process of urbanization in developing countries is __________.

Xem đáp án

Quan điểm phổ biến về quá trình đô thị hóa ở các nước đang phát triển là __________.

A. Tích cực

B. Tiêu cực

C. Trung tính

D. Không xác định được

Thông tin: In paragraph 1

“despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc.”

Tạm dịch: Mặc dù có những lợi ích và tiện nghi mà đô thị hóa mang lại, sự xuất hiện của những thành phố có nghĩa là suy thoái môi trường, tạo ra các khu ổ chuột, dân thành thị nghèo, thất nghiệp, tội phạm, vô luật pháp, hỗn loạn giao thông, v.v.

=>negative view

Đáp án cần chọn là: B


Câu 2:

The popular view of towns and cities in developing countries and of urbanization process is that despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc. But what is the reality? Given the unprecedented increase in urban population over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries, the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.

In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport. By way of illustration, a large number of urban residents have been provided with improved water in urban areas in Asia’s largest countries such as China, India, Indonesia and the Philippines. Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services. These countries have made significant progress in the provision of sanitation services too, together, providing for an additional population of more than 293 million citizens within a decade (1990-2000). These improvements must be viewed against the backdrop of the rapidly increasing urban population, fiscal crunch and strained human resources and efficient and quality-oriented public management.

The average annual increase in the number of urbanites in developing countries, from 1950 to 2000 A.D. was close to_____.

Xem đáp án

Mức tăng trung bình hàng năm về số lượng người thành thị ở các nước đang phát triển, từ 1950 đến 2000 A.D. đã gần với ___.

A. 30 triệu

B. 40 triệu

C. 50 triệu

D. 60 triệu

Thông tin:

“over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries”

(1,700 million/ 50 years)

=>30 million/ year

Đáp án cần chọn là: A


Câu 3:

The popular view of towns and cities in developing countries and of urbanization process is that despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc. But what is the reality? Given the unprecedented increase in urban population over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries, the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.

In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport. By way of illustration, a large number of urban residents have been provided with improved water in urban areas in Asia’s largest countries such as China, India, Indonesia and the Philippines. Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services. These countries have made significant progress in the provision of sanitation services too, together, providing for an additional population of more than 293 million citizens within a decade (1990-2000). These improvements must be viewed against the backdrop of the rapidly increasing urban population, fiscal crunch and strained human resources and efficient and quality-oriented public management.

The reality of urbanization is reflected in ______.

Xem đáp án

Thực tế của đô thị hóa được phản ánh trong ______.

A. Tình hình đã được quản lý tốt như thế nào.

B. Tình hình đã vượt quá tầm kiểm soát như thế nào.

C. Tốc độ đô thị hóa nhanh như thế nào.

D. Môi trường đã xuống cấp nhanh như thế nào.

Thông tin: “the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly”

Tạm dịch: Điều đáng cân nhắc thực sự là thế giới đã đối phó tốt như thế nào, chưa không phải tệ như thế nào

Đáp án cần chọn là: A


Câu 4:

The popular view of towns and cities in developing countries and of urbanization process is that despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc. But what is the reality? Given the unprecedented increase in urban population over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries, the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.

In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport. By way of illustration, a large number of urban residents have been provided with improved water in urban areas in Asia’s largest countries such as China, India, Indonesia and the Philippines. Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services. These countries have made significant progress in the provision of sanitation services too, together, providing for an additional population of more than 293 million citizens within a decade (1990-2000). These improvements must be viewed against the backdrop of the rapidly increasing urban population, fiscal crunch and strained human resources and efficient and quality-oriented public management.

Which one of the following is not considered as an indicator of urban quality of life?

Xem đáp án

Một trong những điều sau đây không được coi là một chỉ số về chất lượng cuộc sống đô thị?

A. Tốc độ đô thị hóa

B. Cung cấp các dịch vụ cơ bản

C. Tiếp cận các tiện ích xã hội

D. Tất cả những điều trên

Thông tin: Paragraph 2

“In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport.” =>Provision of basic services

“Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services.” =>Access to social amenities

=>Tempo of urbanization is not considered as an indicator of urban quality of life

Đáp án cần chọn là: A


Câu 5:

The popular view of towns and cities in developing countries and of urbanization process is that despite the benefits and comforts it brings, the emergence of such cities connotes environmental degradation, generation of slums and squatters, urban poverty, unemployment, crimes, lawlessness, traffic chaos etc. But what is the reality? Given the unprecedented increase in urban population over the last 50 years from 300 million in 1950 to 2 billion in 2000 in developing countries, the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.

In general, the urban quality of life has improved in terms of availability of water and sanitation, power, health and education, communication and transport. By way of illustration, a large number of urban residents have been provided with improved water in urban areas in Asia’s largest countries such as China, India, Indonesia and the Philippines. Despite that, the access to improved water in terms of percentage of the total urban population seems to have declined during the last decade of 20th century, though in absolute numbers, millions of additional urbanites, have been provided improved services. These countries have made significant progress in the provision of sanitation services too, together, providing for an additional population of more than 293 million citizens within a decade (1990-2000). These improvements must be viewed against the backdrop of the rapidly increasing urban population, fiscal crunch and strained human resources and efficient and quality-oriented public management.

The author in this passage has tried to focus on_________.

Xem đáp án

Tác giả trong đoạn văn này đã cố gắng tập trung vào __________.

A. Mở rộng kiến thức

B. Ý thức môi trường

C. Lý luận phân tích

D. Bổ sung định nghĩa

Thông tin: Paragraph 2 trả lời và phân tích cho câu hỏi ở paragraph 1: “the wonder really is how well the world has coped, and not how badly.”

Đáp án cần chọn là: C


Câu 6:

Instagram was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010. Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare. They tweaked their original idea until they came up with a photo-sharing app. The name “Instagram” is a combination of “instant camera” and “telegram.”

From the outset, Instagram proved extremely popular. Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year. The simple idea of sharing photos in a social media setting appealed to a wide variety of phone users. As time went on, Systrom and Krieger began making a series of technology-related improvements to the app —making it compatible with Android and Windows phones, for example - as well as improving the user experience. In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests. As Instagram grew into one of the most popular apps in the world, tech titans took notice. In 2012, Facebook purchased Instagram for one billion dollars.

In November 2012, Instagram launched web versions of user profiles, giving desktop users the ability to access Instagram profiles. However, the website profile launch retained limited functionality and lacked a search bar; the feature was redesigned in 2015. Instagram also began allowing the upload of non-square photos to the app in August 2015, a notable shift from the look and feel of the app since its inception. Rather than cropping down larger photos to a neat square, users could upload any photo of any dimension to share with friends and followers.

In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic. “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best. While this decision was met with backlash at first, it was made in order to prevent users from missing important posts from friends and family that might have gone unnoticed with a standard chronological timeline approach. Later in 2016, the app underwent major aesthetic changes; the app itself revamped to a black-and-white theme, while the app icon changed to a whimsical rainbow-colored design.

Today, Instagram boasts 800 million users. Every day, 55 million photos are uploaded and 1.2 billion likes are recorded.

Why did Instagram turn out differently than its founders expected?

Xem đáp án

Tại sao Instgram lại trở nên khác biệt so với những gì mà những người sáng lập nó mong đợi?

A. Bởi vì lúc đầu nó quá giống với một ứng dụng phổ biến khác

B. Vì họ thích cái tên Instagram hơn cái tên Burbn

C. Vì họ muốn ứng dụng của họ hoạt động tương tự như Four Square

D. Vì họ muốn xây dựng một ứng dụng chụp ảnh trên thiết bị di động

Thông tin: Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare.

Tạm dịch: Systrom và Krieger ban đầu muốn tạo một ứng dụng chụp ảnh di động có tên là Burbn, nhưng sau khi phát triển thêm ý tưởng của mình, họ nhận thấy rằng nó quá giống với ứng dụng kết quả tìm kiếm hiện có có tên Foursquare.

Đáp án cần chọn là: A


Câu 7:

Instagram was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010. Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare. They tweaked their original idea until they came up with a photo-sharing app. The name “Instagram” is a combination of “instant camera” and “telegram.”

From the outset, Instagram proved extremely popular. Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year. The simple idea of sharing photos in a social media setting appealed to a wide variety of phone users. As time went on, Systrom and Krieger began making a series of technology-related improvements to the app —making it compatible with Android and Windows phones, for example - as well as improving the user experience. In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests. As Instagram grew into one of the most popular apps in the world, tech titans took notice. In 2012, Facebook purchased Instagram for one billion dollars.

In November 2012, Instagram launched web versions of user profiles, giving desktop users the ability to access Instagram profiles. However, the website profile launch retained limited functionality and lacked a search bar; the feature was redesigned in 2015. Instagram also began allowing the upload of non-square photos to the app in August 2015, a notable shift from the look and feel of the app since its inception. Rather than cropping down larger photos to a neat square, users could upload any photo of any dimension to share with friends and followers.

In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic. “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best. While this decision was met with backlash at first, it was made in order to prevent users from missing important posts from friends and family that might have gone unnoticed with a standard chronological timeline approach. Later in 2016, the app underwent major aesthetic changes; the app itself revamped to a black-and-white theme, while the app icon changed to a whimsical rainbow-colored design.

Today, Instagram boasts 800 million users. Every day, 55 million photos are uploaded and 1.2 billion likes are recorded.

Which of the following best describes the pace of Instagram’s growth?

Xem đáp án

Điều nào sau đây mô tả đúng nhất về tốc độ phát triển của Instagram?

A. Nó phổ biến vào năm 2010 như bây giờ

B. Nó trở nên rất phổ biến rất nhanh chóng

C. Cuối cùng nó đã trở nên rất phổ biến

D. Sau vài năm, nó trở nên rất phổ biến

Thông tin: Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year.

Tạm dịch: Chỉ hai tháng sau khi ra mắt, nó đã đạt được một triệu người dùng và đạt mười triệu người dùng trong năm đầu tiên.

Đáp án cần chọn là: B


Câu 8:

Instagram was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010. Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare. They tweaked their original idea until they came up with a photo-sharing app. The name “Instagram” is a combination of “instant camera” and “telegram.”

From the outset, Instagram proved extremely popular. Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year. The simple idea of sharing photos in a social media setting appealed to a wide variety of phone users. As time went on, Systrom and Krieger began making a series of technology-related improvements to the app —making it compatible with Android and Windows phones, for example - as well as improving the user experience. In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests. As Instagram grew into one of the most popular apps in the world, tech titans took notice. In 2012, Facebook purchased Instagram for one billion dollars.

In November 2012, Instagram launched web versions of user profiles, giving desktop users the ability to access Instagram profiles. However, the website profile launch retained limited functionality and lacked a search bar; the feature was redesigned in 2015. Instagram also began allowing the upload of non-square photos to the app in August 2015, a notable shift from the look and feel of the app since its inception. Rather than cropping down larger photos to a neat square, users could upload any photo of any dimension to share with friends and followers.

In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic. “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best. While this decision was met with backlash at first, it was made in order to prevent users from missing important posts from friends and family that might have gone unnoticed with a standard chronological timeline approach. Later in 2016, the app underwent major aesthetic changes; the app itself revamped to a black-and-white theme, while the app icon changed to a whimsical rainbow-colored design.

Today, Instagram boasts 800 million users. Every day, 55 million photos are uploaded and 1.2 billion likes are recorded.

Why are hashtag (#) useful on Instagram?

Xem đáp án

Tại sao hashtag (#) hữu ích trên Instagram?

A. Họ giúp bạn tải lên và đăng hình ảnh

B. Chúng giúp bạn cải thiện bài đăng và hình ảnh

C. Họ giúp bạn sắp xếp các bài đăng của mình

D. Họ giúp bạn tìm thấy các bài đăng và hình ảnh thú vị

Thông tin: In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests.

Tạm dịch: Vào tháng 1 năm 2011, nó đã thêm các thẻ bắt đầu bằng #, cung cấp cho người dùng khả năng tìm thấy các bài đăng và những người có liên quan đến sở thích chung.

Đáp án cần chọn là: D


Câu 9:

Instagram was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010. Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare. They tweaked their original idea until they came up with a photo-sharing app. The name “Instagram” is a combination of “instant camera” and “telegram.”

From the outset, Instagram proved extremely popular. Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year. The simple idea of sharing photos in a social media setting appealed to a wide variety of phone users. As time went on, Systrom and Krieger began making a series of technology-related improvements to the app —making it compatible with Android and Windows phones, for example - as well as improving the user experience. In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests. As Instagram grew into one of the most popular apps in the world, tech titans took notice. In 2012, Facebook purchased Instagram for one billion dollars.

In November 2012, Instagram launched web versions of user profiles, giving desktop users the ability to access Instagram profiles. However, the website profile launch retained limited functionality and lacked a search bar; the feature was redesigned in 2015. Instagram also began allowing the upload of non-square photos to the app in August 2015, a notable shift from the look and feel of the app since its inception. Rather than cropping down larger photos to a neat square, users could upload any photo of any dimension to share with friends and followers.

In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic. “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best. While this decision was met with backlash at first, it was made in order to prevent users from missing important posts from friends and family that might have gone unnoticed with a standard chronological timeline approach. Later in 2016, the app underwent major aesthetic changes; the app itself revamped to a black-and-white theme, while the app icon changed to a whimsical rainbow-colored design.

Today, Instagram boasts 800 million users. Every day, 55 million photos are uploaded and 1.2 billion likes are recorded.

What is implied in the fourth paragraph?

Xem đáp án

Điều gì được ngụ ý trong đoạn thứ tư?

A. Vào năm 2016, Instagram đã thay đổi biểu tượng ứng dụng của mình thành thiết kế bảy sắc cầu vồng quen thuộc

B. Instagram gần đây đã chuyển sang nguồn cấp tin tức theo trình tự thời gian để mọi người có thể thấy điều gì thực sự quan trọng đối với họ

C. Nguồn cấp dữ liệu tin tức của mọi người sẽ có các bài đăng và hình ảnh khác nhau, tùy thuộc vào những người họ theo dõi

D. Instagram sẽ sớm chuyển sang nguồn cấp tin tức thuật toán để mọi người có thể thấy điều gì thực sự quan trọng đối với họ

Thông tin: In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic.

Tạm dịch: Vào tháng 3 năm 2016, Instagram đã thay đổi bản chất của nguồn cấp dữ liệu tin tức của mình, nơi người dùng cuộn qua các bức ảnh mới đăng từ những người họ theo dõi, từ trình tự thời gian sang thuật toán.

Đáp án cần chọn là: C


Câu 10:

Instagram was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger in October 2010. Systrom and Krieger initially wanted to create an application for mobile photography called Burbn, but upon developing their idea further, they found that it was too similar to the existing search-result app called Foursquare. They tweaked their original idea until they came up with a photo-sharing app. The name “Instagram” is a combination of “instant camera” and “telegram.”

From the outset, Instagram proved extremely popular. Only two months after its launch, it achieved a million users and reached ten million users in its first year. The simple idea of sharing photos in a social media setting appealed to a wide variety of phone users. As time went on, Systrom and Krieger began making a series of technology-related improvements to the app —making it compatible with Android and Windows phones, for example - as well as improving the user experience. In January 2011, it added hashtags, offering users the ability to find posts and people related to common interests. As Instagram grew into one of the most popular apps in the world, tech titans took notice. In 2012, Facebook purchased Instagram for one billion dollars.

In November 2012, Instagram launched web versions of user profiles, giving desktop users the ability to access Instagram profiles. However, the website profile launch retained limited functionality and lacked a search bar; the feature was redesigned in 2015. Instagram also began allowing the upload of non-square photos to the app in August 2015, a notable shift from the look and feel of the app since its inception. Rather than cropping down larger photos to a neat square, users could upload any photo of any dimension to share with friends and followers.

In March 2016, Instagram changed the nature of its news feed, the place where users scroll through newly-posted photos from those they follow, from chronological to algorithmic. “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best. While this decision was met with backlash at first, it was made in order to prevent users from missing important posts from friends and family that might have gone unnoticed with a standard chronological timeline approach. Later in 2016, the app underwent major aesthetic changes; the app itself revamped to a black-and-white theme, while the app icon changed to a whimsical rainbow-colored design.

Today, Instagram boasts 800 million users. Every day, 55 million photos are uploaded and 1.2 billion likes are recorded.

In the last paragraph, why is “decisions” in quotation marks?

Xem đáp án

Trong đoạn cuối cùng, tại sao "quyết định" được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép?

A. Bởi vì tác giả muốn nhấn mạnh từ "quyết định"

B. Vì trí thông minh nhân tạo hiện đang được nhiều trang web và ứng dụng sử dụng để đưa ra dự đoán về nội dung người dùng muốn xem

C. Bởi vì chương trình không thực sự đưa ra quyết định thực sự như một con người

D. Vì từ "quyết định" là một từ quan trọng

Thông tin: “Algorithmic” means that Instagram uses computer algorithms and artificial intelligence to make “decisions” on what its data predicts you’ll like best.

Tạm dịch: “Thuật toán” có nghĩa là Instagram sử dụng các thuật toán máy tính và trí tuệ nhân tạo để đưa ra “quyết định” về những gì dữ liệu dự đoán bạn sẽ thích nhất.

=>Trong câu văn, tác giả dùng từ “decision” như một cách nhân hóa để nhấn mạnh chức năng của thuật toán trong chọn lọc thông tin

Đáp án cần chọn là: C


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